2D polaritons for optoelectronic devices and networks

信息增长率相当于每年增长19%，到2022年底将达到100泽字节，需要新型光电工具来快速处理信息。随着信息的不断产生和流动，提高处理信息的设备的比特率对于可持续的未来至关重要。通常，光信号-光子-通过光纤链路发送，这就是大多数互联网流量的流动方式。然而，光子不会相互作用，除非它们耦合到它们传播的介质。一种方法是将光转换为电子信号，并使用传统的电子设备处理信号。然而，在这种情况下，欧姆损耗降低了能量效率，并且处理速度由电子时标定义。处理光的一种独特方式依赖于强的光-物质耦合。当光子与光跃迁和半导体中的粒子强烈耦合时，它们就成为光-物质混合粒子--极化激元。极化激元获得非线性，并允许以全光学方式进行信息处理。这一过程的效率在很大程度上取决于用于构建光学器件的材料的多体特性。该项目旨在通过利用半导体双层中的多体相互作用来开发一个独特的光电器件家族。最近的研究结果表明，当这些2D材料掺杂过量的电荷（例如，自由电子）时，过渡金属二硫属化物（TMDC）系统中的高度非线性极化激元响应。在双层几何中，他们揭示了一个动物园的各种层内和层间准粒子的基础上绑定电子空穴对与电子。通过将这些准粒子与光耦合，我们预计强耦合与多体相互作用的融合将导致极化激元非线性的改变游戏规则的增加。然而，要获得这种物理学，需要开发新的理论工具，以捕捉这种系统中的强相关性。在这个项目中，我们的目标是发展过渡金属二硫族化物中二维极化激元的理论描述，并提出使用极化激元多体相互作用的光电器件的蓝图。我们的项目围绕三个目标展开。我们将从理论上描述掺杂TMDC双层膜中的非线性响应，以研究二维极化激元的多体相互作用.我们将研究掺杂TMDC双层膜的非平凡输运性质，以设计基于多体相互作用的极化激元电路.我们将在TMDC异质双分子层中使用高度非线性的极化激元晶格来发展极化激元计算网络。因此，我们将为未来基于高度非线性双分子层系统的二维极化激元器件开发背景。

The rate of information growth corresponds to an annual increase of 19%, reaching 100 zettabytes by the end of 2022, and novel optoelectronic tools are required for fast information processing. With perpetual generation and flow of information around, increasing the bit rates of devices that process information is imperative for sustainable future. Typically, optical signals - photons - are sent over fibre links, and that is how majority of internet traffic flows. However, photons do not interact with each other, unless they couple to a medium in which they propagate. One way to act is converting light into electronic signals, and processing signals with conventional electronics. However, in this case Ohmic losses reduce energy efficiency and processing speed is defined by electronic timescales. A distinct way to process light relies on strong light-matter coupling. When photons are coupled strongly to optical transitions and particles in semiconductors, they become hybrid light-matter particles - polaritons. Polaritons acquire nonlinearity and allow for information processing in an all-optical way. The efficiency of this process largely depends on many-body properties on materials used for building optical devices.The project aims to develop a distinct family of optoelectronic devices by exploiting many-body interactions in semiconducting bilayers. Recent results show a highly nonlinear polaritonic response in systems of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) when these 2D materials are doped with excessive charge (for instance, free electrons). In bilayer geometry, they reveal a zoo of various intralayer and interlayer quasiparticles based on bound electron-hole pairs correlated with electrons. By coupling these quasiparticles to light, we expect that strong coupling merged with many-body interactions will lead to game-changing increase of polaritonic nonlinearity. However, accessing this physics requires developing new theoretical tools that can capture strong correlations in such a system. Many other properties needed for building polaritonic circuits and processing units are yet to be explored.In the project, we aim to develop a theoretical description of 2D polaritons in transition metal dichalcogenides and propose blueprints for optoelectronic devices that use polaritonic many-body interactions. Our project is structured around three objectives.1. We will develop a theoretical description of nonlinear response in doped TMDC bilayers in order to characterise many-body interactions of 2D polaritons.2. We will study nontrivial transport properties of doped TMDC bilayers to design polaritonic circuits based on many-body interactions.3. We will use highly nonlinear polaritonic lattices in TMDC heterobilayers to develop polaritonic computational networks.As a result, we will develop the background for future 2D polaritonic devices based on highly nonlinear bilayer systems.