Refugee integration and family reunification: The impact of 'the deserving mother' in the context of the UK and Denmark

2016年，一项旨在更好地保护难民的欧盟提案指出，家庭团聚、心理健康和成功融入社会之间存在直接联系。据联合国难民事务高级专员办事处称，当家庭分离时，他们会发现学习当地语言、找工作和建立当地网络更加困难。尽管许多欧洲政府承认家庭团聚在融合过程中的重要性，但人们对这些团聚的家庭如何在一个结构性配置将他们排除在外的移民环境中谈判获得福利支持，并引申义融入社会知之甚少。移民研究往往认为母亲将传统的、特定种族的价值观和文化资源传递给子女，她们阻碍或帮助子女融入社会的作用通常是决策者关注的重点。该项目的目的是通过比较分析英国和丹麦这两个移民政策趋同的福利制度，通过难民母亲的视角来审视和理解重新统一的家庭的融合过程。利用移民和性别研究领域的人类学和跨学科方法，本研究将研究难民母亲如何与福利服务谈判，以及她们如何通过新形式的社区和日常归属实践来挑战、改变和影响融入过程。通过将难民母亲作为民族志的出发点，我将探讨如何在“福利微公众”（Berg et al. 2019）中与倡导者和街头官僚以及难民家庭内部谈判对母性，育儿和家庭的相互关联的理解。母性奖学金和家庭团聚奖学金的结合将提供一个独特的视角，不仅了解难民妇女的经历，而且了解可能更好地支持包容性融合的政策。

In 2016, an EU proposal to better protect refugees stated that there is a direct link between family reunification, mental health and successful integration. According to UNCHR, when families are separated, they find it more difficult to learn the local language, find employment and create local networks. Despite numerous European governments acknowledging the importance of family reunification in integration processes, little is known about how these reunified families negotiate access to welfare support, and by extension to integration, in a migration milieu that is structurally configured to exclude them. Migration research often views mothers as transmitting traditional, ethnically specific values and cultural resources to their children, and their role as either hindering or aiding their children's integration is usually the key focus of policy-makers. The aim of this project is to examine and understand, through a comparative analysis of the UK and Denmark - two welfare regimes with converging immigration policies - the integration processes of reunified families through the lens of the refugee mother. Drawing on anthropological and interdisciplinary approachesin the field of migration and gender studies, this study will examine how refugee mothers negotiate deservingness to welfare services and how they may challenge, change and impact on the integration processes through new forms of community and everyday practices of belonging. By taking the refugee mothers as the ethnographic point of departure, I will explore how interrelated understandings of motherhood, mothering and family are negotiated in 'welfare micropublics' (Berg et al. 2019) with advocates and street-level bureaucrats, and within the refugee families. The bringing together of the motherhood and family reunification scholarships will provide a unique insight into not only the experiences of refugee women but also the kind of policies that might better support an inclusive integration.