Frontiers in gravitational wave astronomy (FRoGW)

引力波（GWs）改变了我们探索宇宙的方式。他们发现了新类型的天体（黑洞双星、黑洞-中子星星双星），这些都是我们想象过但从未见过的。多亏了GW，我们比以往任何时候都更接近于了解致密恒星的物质状态，引力的基本性质，我们宇宙的结构。这些进步，在不到十年的时间里，只有两个探测器，显示了GW天文学的独特潜力：探测极端重力的能力，同时，该项目的目标是利用GW天文学的优势，提供数据分析工具，分析结果和实用策略。在基本面上，该项目将解决有关两个黑洞合并的最后阶段（“振铃”）的紧迫问题。由于微扰理论的最新进展，我们终于有可能理解黑洞在合并后是如何稳定下来的--超越了主导秩序。这个项目将有助于填补我们对百年引力理论的理解中为数不多的缺失之一。这一点，以及区分新物理学和老式天体物理学的实际策略，对于利用不久的将来（2023+）和未来（2030年代）的GW观测至关重要。作为MSCA研究员，申请人将在诺丁汉重力中心（诺丁汉大学）接受重力基本方面的重要培训。该中心的专业知识涵盖重力、粒子物理学和宇宙学，将是这一跨学科项目的理想环境。该项目的方法还借鉴了申请人在理论物理学和天体物理学、数据分析和数值方法方面的专业知识。加州理工学院的学术借调将完成尖端GW研究所需的多方面培训，并将确保该项目对关键利益相关者的影响，包括当前的GW探测器。

Gravitational waves (GWs) have changed the way we explore the cosmo. They have uncovered new types of astrophysical objects (black hole binaries, black hole-neutron star binaries), which we had imagined but never seen. Thanks to GWs, we are closer than ever before to understanding the state of matter in the densest stars, the fundamental nature of gravity, the structure of our Universe.These advances, made in less then a decade with only two detectors, show GW astronomy's unique potential: the ability to probe gravity at its extreme and, at the same time, large-scale astrophysics.The goal of this project is to exploit both of GW astronomy's strengths, delivering data analysis tools, analytic results and practicalstrategies. On the fundamental side, the project will address burning questions about the final stage of the merging of two blackholes (the "ringdown"). Thanks to recent advances in perturbation theory, it is finally possible to understand - beyond leading order - how black holes settle down after a merger. This project will help fill-in one of the few missing blocks in the understanding of our century-old theory of gravity. This, together with practical strategies to distinguish new physics from old-fashioned astrophysics, will be essential to exploit near future (2023+) and future (2030s) GW observations.As an MSCA fellow, the applicant will receive crucial training in the fundamental aspects of gravity at the Nottingham Centre ofGravity (University of Nottingham). The Centre, whose expertise spans gravity, particle physics and cosmology, will be the idealenvironment for this interdisciplinary project. The project's approach draws also from the applicant's expertise in theoretical physicsand astrophysics, data analysis and numerical methods. An academic secondment at Caltech will complete the multifaceted trainingnecessary for cutting-edge GW research, and will ensure the project's impact on key stakeholders, including current GW detectors.