Simultaneous Eye-safe Spectroscopy and Fundus Imaging Technology for Point-of-Care Detection of Traumatic Brain Injury

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Millions of people world-wide die from late diagnosis every year. In particular, in emergency care practice, life- critical decisions must be made rapidly, influencing patients' prognosis and the efficacy of treatment. There is a critical window for diagnosis of many acute diseases such as, traumatic brain injury (TBI) - a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. TBI has become a major challenge of the 21st century and by 2028, the WHO estimates that neuro-trauma will become the leading cause of death worldwide. While life-changing decisions must be made rapidly, it is notoriously hard to diagnose at the point-of-care, resulting in incorrect patient management and the chances of an individual suffering cognitive or physical impairment are massively increased. Current diagnostic technologies are woefully inadequate either requiring large equipment, long- waiting times, invasive or not sensitive and timely enough. There is an urgent need for new technologies to achieve timely intervention through rapid and accurate TBI diagnostics at the point-of-care.This research will open new horizons in medical devices by exploring how cutting-edge Engineering methods can enable a platform technology that will lead to next generation of applications in miniaturised sensors, monitoring and pharmaceuticals. Underpinning the topic is the development of pioneering portable technology for instantaneous detection of TBI-specific molecular changes, via simultaneous Raman spectroscopy and fundus imaging, to safely measure proxies of cerebral injury via the neuroretina and optic nerve, thus uniquely providing a window into brain biochemistry. Such disruptive technology will enable the low-cost manufacture of a handheld device for early diagnosis of acute injury, whether at the pitch side in contact sports, or the roadside following traffic accidents, will not only inform correct clinical pathways but also mitigate against death and disability from this devastating disease.