AQUATIC BIOAVAILABILITY OF PAHS, PCB, AND PCDDS/PCDFS IN THE MASSENA AREA

先前在马塞纳进行的环境污染研究 圣劳伦斯河地区重点处理来自 马塞纳附近的通用汽车公司工厂。 然而，有两个 该地区的铝制造厂及其排放物 设施向河流排放污染物。 主要目标 该提案旨在确定多环化合物的水生生物利用度 芳香烃 (PAH)、多氯联苯 (PCB) 和 多氯二苯并对二恶英 (PCDD)/多氯二苯并呋喃 （PCDF）来自每个工厂排放点附近收集的沉积物。 这项任务将通过暴露摇蚊幼虫来完成 实验室和野外沉积物中的 Tentans 和网箱鲤鱼 分别。 此外，来自两种鲤鱼和飞行前的幼鱼 涉水鸭（野鸭和野鸭）将在附近收集 每个工厂地点和一个控制地点。 使用最先进的气体 色谱仪（GC）/高分辨率质谱仪（MS），应该是 可检测 1 皮克 (pg) 量的单个化合物 样品（脂肪、肝脏、幼虫、昆虫和沉积物）的提取物。 拟议研究项目的次要目标是 确定代谢对选择性保留的影响 污染物。 一般来说，生物群只积累有毒的2,3,7,8-取代 PCDD，以及就 PCDF 而言，还有少量非 2,3,7,8- 取代异构体。 然而，马塞纳地区的许多鱼类和野生动物 发现样品含有较高含量的非 2,3,7,8-取代 PCDFs多为2,3,7,8取代异构体。 为了检验以下假设 代谢影响 PCDD/PCDF 及相关化合物的保留 鲤鱼和鸭肝细胞色素P450酶的活性 样品将使用芳基烃羟化酶 (AHH) 进行测定 化验。 这项研究的结果应该有助于更好地理解 各个行业对鱼类和环境污染的相对贡献 马塞纳地区居民食用的野生动物。

Previous studies carried out on environmental contamination int he Massena area of the St. Lawrence River have focused on hazardous wastes from the General Motors Corporation plant near Massena. However, there are two aluminum manufacturing plants in the area and discharges from these facilities have released pollutants to the river. The major objective of this proposal is to determine the aquatic bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD)s/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from sediments collected near discharge points from each plant. This task will be accomplished by exposing the midge larva, Chironomus tentans, and caged-carp to sediments in the laboratory and in the field respectively. In addition carp and preflight juveniles from two species of dabbling ducks (gadwalls and mallards) will be collected in the vicinity of each plant site and at a control site. Using a state-of-the-art gas chromatograph (GC)/high resolution mass spectrometer (MS), it should be possible to detect 1 picogram (pg) amounts of individual compounds in extracts from samples (fat, liver, larvae, insects and sediments). The secondary objective of the proposed research project will be to determine the influence of metabolism on selective retention of the pollutants. Generally biota accumulate only toxic 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDDs and also, in the case of PCDFs, small quantities of non-2,3,7,8- substituted isomers. However many of the Massena area fish and wildlife samples were found to contain higher quantities of non-2,3,7,8-substituted PCDFs than 2,3,7,8-substituted isomers. To test the hypothesis that metabolism influences the retention of PCDDs/PCDFs and related compounds the activity of hepatic Cytochrome P450 enzymes in the carp and duck samples will be determined using the aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) assay. Results from this study should provide for a better understanding of the relative contributions of individual industries to pollution of fish and wildlife consumed by residents of the Massena area.