AQUATIC BIOAVAILABILITY OF PAHS, PCB, AND PCDDS/PCDFS IN THE MASSENA AREA

先前在马塞纳进行的环境污染研究 圣劳伦斯河地区的重点是危险废物， 通用汽车公司工厂附近的马塞纳。 但有两 铝制造厂在该地区和排放这些 设施向河流排放污染物。 的主要目标 该提案旨在确定多环芳烃的水生生物利用度， 芳香烃（PAH）、多氯联苯（PCB）和 多氯二苯并二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃 在每个工厂的排放点附近收集的沉积物中的多氯二苯并呋喃。 这项任务将通过暴露摇蚊幼虫来完成 在实验室和野外， 分别 此外，鲤鱼和两个物种的飞行前的青少年 将在附近收集鸭子（gadwalls和绿头鸭）， 每个工厂现场和控制现场。 使用最先进的气体 色谱（GC）/高分辨率质谱仪（MS），应 可以检测1皮克（pg）量的单个化合物， 样品（脂肪、肝脏、幼虫、昆虫和沉积物）的提取物。 拟议研究项目的第二个目标是 确定代谢对选择性保留的影响， 污染物 一般来说，生物群只积累有毒的2，3，7，8-取代 多氯二苯并对二恶英以及多氯二苯并呋喃中的少量非2，3，7，8- 取代的异构体。 然而，马塞纳地区的许多鱼类和野生动物 发现样品含有较高量的非2，3，7，8-取代 2，3，7，8-取代的异构体。 为了验证这个假设， 代谢影响多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃和相关化合物的保留 鲤鱼和鸭肝脏细胞色素P450酶活性的研究 将使用芳烃羟化酶（AHH）测定样品 比色法 这项研究的结果应该提供更好的理解， 各行业对鱼类污染的相对贡献， 马塞纳地区居民食用的野生动物。

Previous studies carried out on environmental contamination int he Massena area of the St. Lawrence River have focused on hazardous wastes from the General Motors Corporation plant near Massena. However, there are two aluminum manufacturing plants in the area and discharges from these facilities have released pollutants to the river. The major objective of this proposal is to determine the aquatic bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD)s/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from sediments collected near discharge points from each plant. This task will be accomplished by exposing the midge larva, Chironomus tentans, and caged-carp to sediments in the laboratory and in the field respectively. In addition carp and preflight juveniles from two species of dabbling ducks (gadwalls and mallards) will be collected in the vicinity of each plant site and at a control site. Using a state-of-the-art gas chromatograph (GC)/high resolution mass spectrometer (MS), it should be possible to detect 1 picogram (pg) amounts of individual compounds in extracts from samples (fat, liver, larvae, insects and sediments). The secondary objective of the proposed research project will be to determine the influence of metabolism on selective retention of the pollutants. Generally biota accumulate only toxic 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDDs and also, in the case of PCDFs, small quantities of non-2,3,7,8- substituted isomers. However many of the Massena area fish and wildlife samples were found to contain higher quantities of non-2,3,7,8-substituted PCDFs than 2,3,7,8-substituted isomers. To test the hypothesis that metabolism influences the retention of PCDDs/PCDFs and related compounds the activity of hepatic Cytochrome P450 enzymes in the carp and duck samples will be determined using the aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) assay. Results from this study should provide for a better understanding of the relative contributions of individual industries to pollution of fish and wildlife consumed by residents of the Massena area.