Researching the role of dissolved organic matter as a nutrient resource in freshwater ecosystems

研究溶解有机物作为淡水生态系统营养资源的作用

• 批准号: EP/Y033892/1
• 负责人: Penny Johnes
• 金额: $ 377.16万
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FY033892%2F1
• 关键词: Researching; role; dissolved; organic; matter

Freshwaters are losing biodiversity at a higher rate than any other planetary domain. A wide range of stressors are driving this trend, of which climate change and increasing nutrient delivery from food production and consumption are ubiquitous. Research to date on nutrient enrichment impacts on freshwater biota has been limited by the physical challenge of experimentation in a rapidly changing environment, and a narrow perception of bioavailable nutrient forms. It has focused on species-specific responses to inorganic nutrient forms, often in vitro or in lakes, rarely for flowing waters under ambient conditions, and usually for microbial or planktonic organisms, ignoring the responses of other biotic groups, community level responses to enrichment, and the combined impacts of the range of bioavailable organic compounds in freshwaters. Transformational research is needed to update current nutrient cycling theory for stream ecosystems, shifting from research explaining how part of the ecosystem responds to a limited range of stressors, to fundamental, holistic theory explaining how whole ecosystems respond to a broad palette of stressors. I will lead a multidisciplinary team to tackle this challenge, applying innovative techniques in molecular scale analysis, stable isotope probing and environmental genomics, under field and climatically-altered conditions. We will then use new data-driven modelling to understand relationships between taxonomic and functional shifts in response to dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic nutrient exposure, revealing environment x gene interactions in biotic responses to nutrient and climate stressors. This will advance current theory and transform our understanding of the impacts of the full nutrient portfolio on freshwater ecosystems, revealing the specific role of DOM as this varies according to the composition of the DOM pool, species composition of the ecosystem, stream stoichoimetry and environmental character.

淡水失去生物多样性的速度比地球上任何其他领域都要快。各种各样的压力因素正在推动这一趋势，其中气候变化和粮食生产和消费中不断增加的营养输送无处不在。由于在快速变化的环境中进行实验的物理挑战，以及对生物可利用营养形式的狭隘认识，迄今为止关于营养富集对淡水生物群影响的研究受到了限制。它侧重于物种对无机营养形式的特定反应，通常是在体外或湖泊中，很少是在环境条件下的流动水域，通常是微生物或浮游生物，忽略了其他生物群体的反应，群落水平对富集的反应，以及淡水中生物可利用有机化合物范围的综合影响。转型研究需要更新当前河流生态系统的营养循环理论，从研究解释生态系统的一部分如何对有限范围的压力源作出反应，转向解释整个生态系统如何对广泛的压力源作出反应的基本的、整体的理论。我将领导一个多学科团队来应对这一挑战，在野外和气候变化的条件下，应用分子尺度分析、稳定同位素探测和环境基因组学方面的创新技术。然后，我们将使用新的数据驱动模型来了解响应溶解有机物（DOM）和无机营养物暴露的分类和功能变化之间的关系，揭示生物对营养物和气候应激源的反应中的环境x基因相互作用。这将促进现有理论的发展，并改变我们对淡水生态系统全营养组合影响的理解，揭示DOM的具体作用，因为DOM池的组成、生态系统的物种组成、河流化学计量和环境特征不同。