COGNITIVE DEFICITS RELATED TO CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM

与长期酗酒相关的认知缺陷

• 批准号: 3108718
• 负责人: LAIRD S CERMAK
• 金额: $ 15.21万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-02-01 至 1997-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3108718
• 关键词: Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome; alcoholic psychosis; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral genetics; cell morphology; cognition disorders; human subject; magnetic resonance imaging; male; memory disorders; nervous system disorder diagnosis; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; performance; problem solving; prosencephalon; psychomotor function; temporal lobe /cortex

This project renewal proposal requests continued support for collaborative studies on two aspects of alcoholic Korsakoff and chronic alcoholics' cognitive impairments. The first component seeks to utilize new quantitative techniques for the analysis of MR images of alcoholic Korsakoff patients and non-Korsakoff chronic alcoholics. Our prior research has shown that volume losses in the anterior portions of the diencephalon, mesial temporal lobe and orbitofrontal cortices best differentiate Korsakoff from non-Korsakoff chronic alcoholics. However, the chronic alcoholic patients do, in turn, demonstrate some loss in these areas relative to normal controls. Using an improved analytic technique will enable us to investigate more specifically the roles of the basal forebrain and mesial temporal lobe structures in these patients' memory and cognitive disorders. In addition, investigations of volumetric changes in specific neural structure and, in particular, the frontal lobe to these cognitive disabilities will be made. The second component extends our search for the cognitive factors underlying alcoholic Korsakoff and non-Korsakoff chronic alcoholics' memory disorders. Our prior research has shown that chronic alcoholics' information processing disturbances do not necessarily parallel those seen in Korsakoff patients, nor do they mimic any other brain injured population (e.g., right hemisphere patients), nor do they necessarily indicate accelerated aging. Instead, they appear to emanate from inabilities to utilize the processing system in creative or effortful ways. To more specifically explore this thesis, we propose to investigate five contemporary aspects of information processing which emphasize subject-driven (conceptual) processing as opposed to data-driven (automatic) processing. We anticipate that an element of subject-driven, effortful processing will be deficient in chronic alcoholics and in Korsakoff patients. Furthermore, we anticipate that this pattern may be correlated with volumetric loss in specific neural structures.

该项目更新提案请求继续支持 关于酒精korsakoff和慢性的两个方面的协作研究 酗酒者的认知障碍。 第一个组件试图利用 用于分析酒精的MR图像的新定量技术 Korsakoff患者和非Korsakoff慢性酗酒者。 我们的先验 研究表明，量的量损失 diencephalon，中端颞叶和轨道额叶皮质最佳 区分Korsakoff和非Korsakoff慢性酗酒者。 然而， 慢性酒精患者反过来表现出一定的损失 这些区域相对于正常对照。 使用改进的分析 技术将使我们能够更具体地研究 这些基础前脑和介体颞叶结构 患者的记忆和认知障碍。 此外，调查 特定神经结构的体积变化，尤其是 将制造这些认知障碍的额叶。 第二部分扩展了我们对认知因素的搜索 含酒精的Korsakoff和非korsakoff慢性酒精饮料 记忆障碍。 我们先前的研究表明，慢性酗酒者 信息处理干扰不一定与那些 在Korsakoff患者中看到，也不模仿任何其他受伤的大脑 人口（例如，右半球患者），也不一定 表示加速衰老。 相反，它们似乎是从 在创造性或努力中利用处理系统的不可能 方式。 更具体地探讨了这一论文，我们建议 调查信息处理的五个当代方面 强调主题驱动的（概念）处理，而不是 数据驱动（自动）处理。 我们预计这是 主题驱动的，努力的处理将缺乏慢性 酗酒者和科萨科夫患者。 此外，我们预计 这种模式可能与特定神经的体积损失有关 结构。