FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES OF THERMAL DESORPTION OF CONTAMINANTS FROM SOIL

土壤污染物热解吸的基础研究

• 批准号: 3777187
• 负责人: JACK B HOWARD
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3777187
• 关键词: adsorption; carbon tetrachloride; carbopolycyclic compound; chlorobenzenes; detoxification; environmental toxicology; gas chromatography; heat; interferometry; mutagen testing; mutagens; soil; soil pollution; thermogravimetry; thermostability; toluene; toxicant interaction; trichloroethylene; waste treatment

Chemical and physical processes by which mutagens are destroyed, removed, sequestored, and generated during thermal treatment of contaminated soils will be studied using soils and conditions commonly encountered at Superfund Sites such as found in the Aberjona Basin. Specific objectives are to determine, for practically revelant temperatures, heating rates, treatment times, and contaminant concentrations, how rates and extents of mutagens removal or destruction, and the mutagenicity of the resulting residues, are affected by thermal desorption, in situ thermal decomposition, secondary chemical transformations, external treating agents (e.g. lime), and by in situ carbon formation leading to permanent or temporary sequestration of heteroatoms (e.g. halogens or metals). The research is important to environmental health sciences and to the Superfund Program because: soil remediation is critical to Superfund; various methodologies based on in situ or off-site thermal treatment show promise for effective remediation of Superfund soils; contaminants are complex mixtures including mutagenic and/or carcinogenic organics and metals; there is need to identify conditions for which thermal treatment removes or destroys mutagens and other contaminants, without generating toxicants that recontaminate the soil or air. The approach is to use small scale apparatus designed to simulate practical scale operating conditions and allow systematic study of how key chemical and physical processed (e.g. desorption) contribute to mutagens formation and destruction rates. Deliverables will be data bases and parameterized kinetic models for mutagens destruction, removal, and secondary formation, during thermal treatment of soil. Benefits will be better scientific and engineering foundations for the design and operation of environmentally sound thermal soil remediation processes, e.g., thermal stripping, plasma heating, incineration, and in situ heating with microwaves.

破坏、移除诱变剂的化学和物理过程， 在受污染土壤的热处理过程中被隔离和产生 将使用土壤和经常遇到的条件进行研究 超级基金遗址，如在阿伯乔纳盆地发现的。具体目标 是为了确定，对于实际相关的温度，加热率， 处理时间、污染物浓度、处理速度和程度 诱变剂的去除或破坏，以及由此产生的 残留物，受热解吸影响，原位热解吸 分解、二次化学转化、外部处理 助剂(如石灰)，并通过原位碳形成导致永久性 或暂时封存杂原子(如卤素或金属)。这个 研究对环境健康科学和 超级基金计划是因为：土壤修复是超级基金的关键； 基于现场或非现场热处理的各种方法展示 承诺有效修复超级基金土壤；污染物是 包括诱变和/或致癌有机物和 金属；需要确定热处理的条件 去除或销毁诱变剂和其他污染物，而不产生 重新污染土壤或空气的毒物。方法是使用 用于模拟实际规模操作的小型设备 条件，并允许系统研究关键的化学和物理 处理(如解吸)有助于诱变剂的形成和 破坏率。可交付成果将以数据库和参数化为基础 诱变剂破坏、去除和二次形成的动力学模型， 在土壤的热处理过程中。效益将会更好地科学和 环境保护系统设计和运行的工程基础 健全的热力土壤修复工艺，例如，热剥离、等离子 用微波加热、焚烧和就地加热。