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The readiness is all: ways people anticipate dying in the U.K.

准备工作就是一切：人们在英国预计死亡的方式

基本信息

批准号：
ES/J004618/1
负责人：
Naomi Margaret Alice Richards
金额：
$ 10.2万
依托单位：
University of Sheffield
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FJ004618%2F1
关键词：
readiness ways people anticipate dying

项目摘要

My research analyses the ways in which people seek rights and recognition in anticipation of their death. People in the U.K. now live longer than ever before but often in a fragile state of health which affects the ways in which they anticipate their death. While a number of authors have discussed the different ways in which people in the U.K. approach dying (Kellehear 2007, Seale 1998, Walter 1994 etc.), none have so far used anthropological methods to compare different public arenas (geographical, legal, discursive) where this anticipation of death occurs, or indeed, related it to broader theoretical approaches to witnessing (Agamben 1999; Felman and Laub 1992) and recognition (Honneth 1995; Taylor 1992). The public arenas that my research focuses on are: the 'right-to-die' debate (and the vociferous 'pro' and 'anti' campaigners who sustain the debate); the laws which regulate people's 'death decisions'; and a hospice day centre. The theoretical contribution of this research shows that all three social processes (law, activism and art) purport to offer a form of public recognition of an individual's personhood in their approach to death, in defiance of the well documented public taboo on death in the U.K (Aries 1975, Elias 1985, Gorer 1965). The overwhelming desire of many of my research participants was to gain recognition for the particularity of their deaths; which involved opening up their life to public scrutiny, whether from fellow day-centre patients or from five judges in the House of Lords. Making public claims for recognition-in-dying contained many risks, not least creating unrealistic expectations of what can be recognised. I outline a number of occasions when recognition fails precisely because some aspects of our lives (and deaths) are just too private, too emotional, and too uncertain to be publicly recognised in the way that people might wish them to be. In addition to these theoretical contributions, my research highlights the vital methodological contribution which ethnographic work can make to controversial and highly divisive debates in bioethics and law - in my case, the 'right-to-die' debate. In summary, this research pursues four objectives:First, to offer an analytical and empirical investigation of how different groups anticipate dying by trying to shore up their personhood through attachment to different external forms (law, activism and art).Second, to shed light on the beliefs and motivations of people who want to legalise a form of medically hastened death in the U.K. and in particular those who are intending to travel to Dignitas in Switzerland for help to die. Third, to advance inter-disciplinary discussion of end-of-life issues through positioning myself at the nexus of different sub-disciplines (death studies, social gerontology, medical anthropology, socio-legal studies, bio-ethics).Fourth, to feed back the results of my original and timely research to policy-makers, stakeholders and healthcare practitioners working on end-of-life issues. I will be based in the Department of Sociological Studies (Sheffield University) under the guidance of Dr. Lorna Warren with whom I currently work on the E.S.R.C funded Representing Self: Representing Ageing project (New Dynamics of Ageing programme).Additional support will come from Professor Jane Seymour at the Sue Ryder Care Centre for Palliative and End of Life Studies at Nottingham University. I will conduct limited additional research in the U.K. in order to be gain further insights which will enrich the journal articles I intend to write. I will publish 5 articles, deliver papers at conferences (one international), and network extensively among end of life researchers based at the University of Nottingham (where I will be affiliated); the Department of Nursing at the University of Sheffield; and the Centre for Death and Society at the University of Bath.

我的研究分析了人们在预期死亡时寻求权利和认可的方式。英国人现在比以往任何时候都活得长，但往往处于脆弱的健康状态，这影响了他们预期死亡的方式。虽然许多作者讨论了英国人的不同方式，接近死亡（Kellehear 2007，西尔1998，Walter 1994等），到目前为止，还没有人使用人类学的方法来比较不同的公共场所（地理的，法律的，话语的），在那里发生这种预期的死亡，或确实，将其与更广泛的理论方法，以见证（Agamben 1999; Felman和Laub 1992）和承认（Honneth 1995; Taylor 1992）。我的研究集中在公共领域：“死亡权”的辩论（以及支持辩论的大声疾呼的“赞成”和“反对”活动家）;规范人们“死亡决定”的法律;和临终关怀日间中心。这项研究的理论贡献表明，所有三个社会过程（法律，行动主义和艺术）的目的是提供一种形式的公众承认个人的人格在他们的方法死亡，在蔑视有据可查的公共禁忌死亡在英国（白羊座1975年，埃利亚斯1985年，甘宁1965年）。我的许多研究参与者压倒一切的愿望是获得对他们死亡的特殊性的认可;这涉及到将他们的生活开放给公众监督，无论是来自日间中心的病人还是来自上议院的五名法官。公开宣称自己是死于自杀的，这包含了许多风险，尤其是会让人产生不切实际的期望。我概述了一些识别失败的情况，正是因为我们生活（和死亡）的某些方面太私密，太情绪化，太不确定，无法以人们希望的方式公开承认。除了这些理论上的贡献，我的研究突出了重要的方法论的贡献，民族志工作可以使有争议的和高度分裂的辩论在生物伦理学和法律-在我的情况下，“死亡的权利”的辩论。总之，本研究追求四个目标：第一，提供一个分析和实证调查，了解不同群体如何通过依附于不同的外部形式（法律、行动主义和艺术）来试图海岸支撑他们的人格，从而预期死亡;第二，阐明在英国，希望将一种医学上加速死亡的形式合法化的人的信仰和动机。特别是那些打算前往瑞士的尊严寻求帮助的人。第三，通过将自己定位于不同子学科（死亡研究，社会老年学，医学人类学，社会法律研究，生物伦理学）的联系，促进对临终问题的跨学科讨论。第四，将我原创和及时的研究结果反馈给政策制定者，利益相关者和致力于临终问题的医疗从业人员。我将在社会学研究系（谢菲尔德大学）的指导下工作。Lorna Warren博士目前与我一起参与E.S.R. C资助的代表自我：代表老龄化项目（老龄化新动力计划）。其他支持将来自诺丁汉大学Sue Ryder姑息和临终关怀研究中心的Jane Seymour教授。我将在英国进行有限的额外研究。为了获得更深入的见解，这将丰富我打算写的期刊文章。我将发表5篇文章，在会议（一个国际）上发表论文，并在诺丁汉大学（我将隶属于那里）的生命结束研究人员之间建立广泛的网络;谢菲尔德大学护理系;和巴斯大学死亡与社会中心。