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A Full House: Developing A New Socio-legal Theory of Global Gambling Regulation.

满堂彩：发展全球赌博监管的新社会法律理论。

基本信息

批准号：
ES/J02385X/1
负责人：
Katharine Bedford
金额：
$ 68.73万
依托单位：
University of Kent
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FJ02385X%2F1
关键词：
Full House Developing New Socio

项目摘要

Studies of gambling law reform provide insights for policymakers and academics concerned with the regulation of risk and speculation. Previous studies of gambling law and political economy have largely taken casinos and lotteries as the key research sites. This project seeks to make a substantial contribution to empirical and theoretical debates about gambling and the regulation of speculation by using a different lens: bingo. Although bingo is a markedly under-researched site, it is a globally significant and extremely profitable gambling form, played in many countries and increasingly popular online. As a key site for working class women's gambling, bingo reveals the resilience of gendered and class-based gambling cultures: in the UK commercial bingo halls outnumber casinos by a factor of five, and they employ more people than casinos do. Bingo is also enmeshed with law and political economy in distinctive ways. For example it is a key site for charity fundraising, and even when played commercially it is associated with community and social welfare more often than risky profit-making. Two pilot studies conducted by the PI have revealed that this legal and social position, at the intersection of risk and welfare, poses significant challenges for regulators, and raises important questions about how the governance of speculation is related to concerns about social cohesion and non-profit activity. The proposed research will address those regulatory challenges, and provide answers to those key questions. Using four case studies of bingo regulation (England and Wales; Canada; Brazil; and online play offered to residents of EU countries), the research will achieve two objectives:1. provide a systematic account of how bingo is regulated, to ascertain the key legal and policy challenges involved, and to make recommendations to policymakers, the gambling industry, third sector stakeholders, and academics;2. advance knowledge of a key site in global gambling liberalization debates, one which allows us to explore how the governance of risk and speculation are gendered, and related to concerns about charity and welfare. The selected cases offer considerable variation in regulatory approach, including criminalization of bingo (Brazil), regulation through charity law (Canada), and regulation as both commercial activity and charity fundraising (UK). Moreover on-line gambling is a site of on-going legal contestation in the EU, leading to legal reforms in multiple jurisdictions. This will be the first project to track and analyse different approaches to bingo regulation, in cyber- and traditional space, and to use this knowledge to generate recommendations about how speculation and welfare are best regulated in contemporary market economies.Research will involve mixed doctrinal and socio-legal methodologies including 1) review of the current legislation, licensing guidance, and case law shaping regulation of the sector, and 2) interviews with key stakeholders. Except in Brazil (where play is illegal), researchers will also observe bingo games to experience how rules and regulations are interpreted and enforced. Analysis will develop codes, concepts, and themes from the collected data, including via the use of textual analysis software.The proposed research offers benefits to three UK user groups: policymakers, the bingo industry, and the third sector. Several key stakeholders have agreed to participate, and some were involved in the two pilot studies. User-group dissemination activities include a project website, a user-group workshop, a final report containing policy recommendations, and summaries of key themes raised in interviews aimed at non-academic beneficiaries in each jurisdiction. The project will also result in six academic publications, including a sole authored monograph and four articles in preeminent journals.

对赌博法改革的研究为关注风险和投机监管的政策制定者和学者提供了见解。以往的赌博法和政治经济学研究，大都以赌场和彩票为重点研究对象。本项目旨在通过使用不同的透镜：宾果游戏，对有关赌博和投机监管的经验和理论辩论做出实质性贡献。虽然宾果游戏是一个明显研究不足的网站，但它是一种全球性的重要和非常有利可图的赌博形式，在许多国家和越来越受欢迎的在线播放。作为工人阶级妇女赌博的一个重要场所，宾果游戏揭示了性别和基于阶级的赌博文化的弹性：在英国，商业宾果游戏霍尔斯的数量是赌场的五倍，而且它们雇用的人比赌场多。宾果游戏也以独特的方式与法律和政治经济相结合。例如，它是慈善筹款的关键网站，即使在商业上播放，它也往往与社区和社会福利联系在一起，而不是冒险的盈利。PI进行的两项试点研究表明，这种处于风险和福利交叉点的法律的和社会地位对监管机构构成了重大挑战，并提出了关于投机治理如何与社会凝聚力和非营利活动相关的重要问题。拟议的研究将解决这些监管挑战，并为这些关键问题提供答案。使用宾果游戏监管的四个案例研究（英格兰和威尔士;加拿大;巴西;和在线游戏提供给欧盟国家的居民），研究将实现两个目标：1。系统地说明如何监管宾果游戏，以确定所涉及的关键法律的和政策挑战，并向政策制定者、赌博业、第三部门利益相关者和学术界提出建议;2.提前了解全球赌博自由化辩论中的一个关键网站，这使我们能够探索风险和投机的治理如何性别化，并与慈善和福利有关。选定的案例在监管方法上有很大的差异，包括将宾果游戏定为刑事犯罪（巴西）、通过慈善法进行监管（加拿大）以及既作为商业活动又作为慈善筹款进行监管（联合王国）。此外，在线赌博是欧盟正在进行的法律的审查的一个网站，导致多个司法管辖区的法律的改革。这将是第一个跟踪和分析网络和传统空间中宾果游戏监管的不同方法的项目，并利用这些知识来产生关于当代市场经济中如何最好地监管投机和福利的建议。研究将涉及混合理论和社会法律方法，包括1）审查当前立法，许可指南和判例法塑造该部门的监管，（2）与主要利益相关者的访谈。除了在巴西（在那里玩是非法的），研究人员还将观察宾果游戏，以体验规则和条例是如何解释和执行的。分析将开发代码，概念和主题从收集的数据，包括通过使用文本分析software.The拟议的研究提供的好处，英国的三个用户群：政策制定者，宾果游戏行业，和第三部门。一些主要利益攸关方已同意参加，其中一些参与了两项试点研究。用户群传播活动包括一个项目网站、一个用户群讲习班、一份载有政策建议的最后报告以及针对每个管辖区非学术受益者的访谈中提出的关键主题摘要。该项目还将产生六份学术出版物，包括一份独家撰写的专著和四篇在知名期刊上发表的文章。