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Sanctions, support and behaviour change: understanding the role and impact of welfare conditionality

制裁、支持和行为改变：了解福利条件的作用和影响

基本信息

批准号：
ES/K002163/1
负责人：
Peter Dwyer
金额：
$ 261.46万
依托单位：
University of Salford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FK002163%2F1
关键词：
Sanctions support behaviour change understanding

项目摘要

In the UK the use of conditional welfare arrangements that combine elements of sanction and support which aim to 'correct' the 'problematic' behaviour of certain welfare recipients are now an established part of welfare, housing, criminal justice and immigration systems. A strong mainstream political consensus exists in favour of conditionality, whereby many welfare entitlements are increasingly dependent on citizens first agreeing to meet particular compulsory duties or patterns of approved behaviour. Conditionality is currently embedded in a broad range of policy arenas (including unemployment benefit systems, family intervention projects, street homelessness interventions, social housing, and asylum legislation) and its use is being extended to cover previously exempt groups e.g. lone parents and disability benefit recipients. However, assumptions about the benefits and usefulness of conditionality in changing the behaviour of social welfare recipients remain largely untested.This project has two key aims. First, to advance understanding about the role of conditionality in promoting and sustaining behaviour change among a diversity of welfare recipients over time. Second, to consider the circumstances in which the use of conditionality may, or may not, be ethically justified. We aim to address gaps in existing knowledge by establishing an original and comprehensive evidence base on the efficacy and ethicality of conditionality across a range of social policy fields and diverse groups of welfare service users.We will use a range of methods to achieve these aims. Initially, we will review relevant literature, statistical data sources and policy documents. To help inform and critically interrogate our approach, we have secured the involvement of leading international scholars who will participate in a series of expert panel seminars convened in the early stages of the study. We will also conduct 'consultation workshops' with welfare recipients and practitioners to feed into research design (these workshops will be held again towards the end of the study to reflect on emerging findings). Following on from this we will undertake fieldwork with three sets of respondents:1. semi-structured interviews with 40 'elite' policymakers; 2. 24 focus groups (with 6-10 respondents) with frontline welfare practitioners who implement policy; and3. repeat qualitative longitudinal interviews with a diverse sample of 400 welfare recipients who are subject to conditionality. Each person will be interviewed three times giving a total of 1200 interviews.The elite interviews will explore the reasons why policymakers introduce conditional welfare policies and their understandings of how they might promote behavioural change. The focus groups will consider both what frontline practitioners think should happen (ethically) and what they think would/does happen (in practice) when conditionality is implemented. The three rounds of repeat qualitative longitudinal interviews with welfare recipients will provide a meaningful way to examine the transitions, adaptations and coping strategies of individuals subject to conditionality, how these may change over time, and why there may be diverse outcomes for different people. Fieldwork will take place in a variety of locations in England and Scotland, including the cities of London, Manchester, Salford, Sheffield, Glasgow and Edinburgh. This will allow for a comparative analysis of the interplay between shared social security law and the different policy and legal frameworks on housing, homelessness and criminal justice that exist in England and Scotland. All interviews will be audio recorded and transcribed (with permission). The new data generated will then be analysed to explore commonalities and differences between the perspectives of policymakers, frontline workers and welfare recipients. Findings will be disseminated to policymaker, practitioner, academic and welfare service user audiences.

在英国，有条件福利安排的使用结合了制裁和支持的元素，旨在“纠正”某些福利接受者的“问题”行为，现在已成为福利，住房，刑事司法和移民系统的一部分。一种强烈的主流政治共识是支持条件性的，即许多福利权利越来越依赖于公民首先同意履行特定的强制性义务或被批准的行为模式。目前，条件性已被纳入广泛的政策领域（包括失业福利制度、家庭干预项目、街头无家可归者干预、社会住房和庇护立法），其使用范围正在扩大，以涵盖以前豁免的群体，如单亲父母和残疾福利领取者。然而，关于条件限制在改变社会福利接受者的行为方面的好处和有用性的假设在很大程度上仍未经检验。这个项目有两个主要目标。首先，随着时间的推移，进一步了解条件在促进和维持各种福利接受者的行为变化方面的作用。第二，考虑在何种情况下使用条件限制可能合乎道德，也可能不合乎道德。我们的目标是通过在一系列社会政策领域和不同福利服务使用者群体中建立一个关于条件限制的有效性和伦理性的原始和全面的证据基础，来解决现有知识的空白。我们将采用一系列方法来实现这些目标。首先，我们将回顾相关文献、统计数据来源和政策文件。为了帮助了解和批判性地审视我们的方法，我们已经确保了国际领先学者的参与，他们将参加在研究早期阶段召开的一系列专家小组研讨会。我们亦会为受助人及从业员举办“谘询工作坊”，以配合研究设计（这些工作坊将于研究结束时再次举行，以反映新发现）。在此基础上，我们将对三组受访者进行实地调查：1。对40位“精英”政策制定者的半结构化采访；2. 24个焦点小组（6-10名受访者），由执行政策的前线福利从业员组成；说谎。对400名受条件限制的福利受助者重复定性纵向访谈。每个人将接受三次面试，总共1200次面试。精英访谈将探讨决策者引入有条件福利政策的原因，以及他们对这些政策如何促进行为改变的理解。焦点小组将考虑一线从业人员认为应该发生什么（道德上），以及他们认为在实施条件限制时将/确实会发生什么（在实践中）。对福利受助者进行的三轮重复定性纵向访谈将提供一种有意义的方法来研究受条件限制的个人的过渡、适应和应对策略，这些策略如何随着时间的推移而变化，以及为什么不同的人可能会有不同的结果。实地考察将在英格兰和苏格兰的多个地点进行，包括伦敦、曼彻斯特、索尔福德、谢菲尔德、格拉斯哥和爱丁堡等城市。这将允许对共同社会保障法与英格兰和苏格兰存在的关于住房、无家可归和刑事司法的不同政策和法律框架之间的相互作用进行比较分析。所有采访将被录音和转录（经许可）。然后将分析产生的新数据，以探索政策制定者、一线工人和福利接受者观点之间的共同点和差异。研究结果将分发给政策制订者、实务人士、学术界人士及福利服务使用者。