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Coarticulation and tongue differentiation in children between three and thirteen years old

三岁至十三岁儿童的发音和舌头分化

基本信息

批准号：
ES/K002597/1
负责人：
Natalia Zharkova
金额：
$ 38.71万
依托单位：
Queen Margaret University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FK002597%2F1
关键词：
Coarticulation tongue differentiation children between

项目摘要

When children learn to speak, by the age of three years old they typically produce most vowels and consonants correctly. However many details, particularly those concerned with complex variations of speech sound production in words and sentences (or coarticulation), continue to develop during childhood. An example of coarticulation is the difference between two realisations of the consonant /s/, in the words "sea" and "saw", which arises from the influence of the following vowel. Understanding of coarticulatory processes and the constraints on them (for example the ability to differentiate between parts of the tongue, addressed in this project) is fundamental to our knowledge of the general processes of speech motor control. There are a number of applications of this knowledge, particularly for theories of child development, and also for assessment and treatment of speech disorders. Much remains unknown on the precise course of the development of tongue control during childhood. This project will investigate speech motor skills maturation, by collecting and analysing ultrasound imaging data on tongue position and shape in speech, in six age groups between 3 and 13 years old.The study will provide data on lingual coarticulatory patterns with limits of variation acceptable for children and adolescents with non-disordered speech motor skills. Ultrasound tongue imaging is a safe and non-invasive technique, and it produces information about the shape of most of the midsagittal tongue contour, including the root of the tongue. The project will build on previous ESRC-funded studies carried out by the lead applicant, where productions of children, preadolescents and adults were compared, but age groups were not as tightly defined as in the proposed study. In the new project, we will focus on the subtle developmental changes which our previous research has suggested are likely to be found during childhood. The recording and analysis protocol has been refined in previous studies, and a method of comparing tongue curves was developed, which does not require head-to-transducer stabilisation, and thus enables us to analyse data from 3- and 5-year-olds. In the course of the project, this method will be validated, and will be available for future studies.Based on the results of the study, we will propose a theoretical view on the role of tongue constraints in the development of coarticulation. The database collected in the project will be a resource for addressing further aspects of coarticulation development and other linguistic phonetic questions. The results will be disseminated at international and UK conferences and seminars, including a two-day international symposium on coarticulation development, which will be organised in Edinburgh during the project. The database of synchronised ultrasound and acoustic data will be made available to researchers, university students and non-academic professionals. Articles will be submitted for publication in international peer-reviewed journals, continuing a successful and influential thread of research. For engaging with potential participants, a research information day will be held at the onset of the project, to introduce children and their parents and carers to the experimental technique. At the end of the project, another research information day will be organised for the project participants, university students and professionals, to discuss the results of the project. The use of ultrasound scanners for imaging and interpreting tongue movements will be demonstrated, and potential applications to therapy and language teaching will be discussed. Two study days for speech and language therapists will be held throughout the project, as well as a clinically oriented workshop within the international symposium. The results will be disseminated via a dedicated website, electronic newsletters, and through publishing in professional journals and popular magazines read by the general public.

当孩子们学习说话时，到三岁时，他们通常能正确地发出大多数元音和辅音。然而，许多细节，特别是那些与词和句子中语音产生的复杂变化(或协同发音)有关的细节，在儿童时期继续发展。协同发音的一个例子是辅音/S/在单词“Sea”和“saw”中的两种实现方式之间的差异，这是由于以下元音的影响而产生的。理解协同发音过程和对它们的限制(例如，在本项目中讨论的区分舌头部分的能力)是我们了解语音运动控制的一般过程的基础。这一知识有许多应用，特别是在儿童发展理论方面，也在语言障碍的评估和治疗方面。关于儿童时期舌头控制发展的确切过程，仍有许多未知之处。这项计划将通过收集和分析6个年龄组3至13岁的语音中舌头位置和形状的超声成像数据，来研究语音运动技能的成熟度。这项研究将提供具有非语言运动技能障碍的儿童和青少年可接受的变异范围的语言协同发音模式的数据。超声舌成像是一种安全和非侵入性的技术，它可以获得包括舌根在内的大部分矢状面舌体轮廓的信息。该项目将建立在主要申请者之前由ESRC资助的研究的基础上，其中比较了儿童、青春期前和成人的结果，但年龄组的定义并不像拟议的研究中那样严格。在这个新项目中，我们将重点关注我们之前的研究表明，在童年时期可能会发现的微妙的发育变化。在以前的研究中，记录和分析方案已经得到改进，并开发了一种比较舌曲线的方法，该方法不需要头部到传感器的稳定，因此使我们能够分析3岁和5岁儿童的数据。在项目过程中，该方法将得到验证，并将用于未来的研究。在研究结果的基础上，我们将对舌头约束在协同发音发展中的作用提出理论观点。该项目收集的数据库将成为解决协同发音发展和其他语言语音问题的进一步方面的资源。结果将在国际和英国的会议和研讨会上传播，包括在项目期间在爱丁堡组织的为期两天的协同发音发展国际研讨会。同步超声波和声学数据的数据库将向研究人员、大学生和非学术专业人员提供。论文将在国际同行评议的期刊上发表，延续了一项成功和有影响力的研究思路。为了吸引潜在的参与者，将在项目开始时举办研究信息日，向儿童及其父母和照顾者介绍这项实验技术。在项目结束时，将为项目参与者、大学生和专业人士举办另一个研究信息日，以讨论项目的结果。课程将演示如何使用超声波扫描仪对舌头运动进行成像和解释，并讨论其在治疗和语言教学中的潜在应用。在整个项目期间，将为言语和语言治疗师举办两个学习日，并在国际研讨会内举办一个面向临床的研讨会。结果将通过专门的网站、电子通讯以及在专业期刊和大众阅读的流行杂志上发表。