Fiscal Origins of the French Revolution: financial crises, public opinion and institutional change in early Modern Europe, 1688-1789.

历史学家们普遍认为，正是财政危机导致了旧制度的崩溃，而正是这一点让1789年的法国大革命成为可能。然而，唯一一本关于财政问题与波旁王朝崩溃之间关系的全面专著几乎已经有世纪的历史了。这一综合借鉴了世纪的学术成果，采用了时间顺序和经验主义的方法，狭隘地关注凡尔赛宫的高层政治，并受到当时争议的影响。然而，它仍然经常被历史学家引用，迫切需要对法国君主制的兴衰进行新的财政解释。一系列开创性的文章和专著揭示了大量的新材料，这些材料从根本上挑战了历史学家处理制度与经济绩效、税收与特权、战争与信贷、债务与金融市场发展之间关系等关键问题的方式。此外，财政史还得益于计量经济学模型的发展，以及文化史方法论在税收、政治经济学和制度改革研究中的应用，但缺少的是一种新的综合方法，可以将这些不同的线索整合在一起，并将财政史的关键维度纳入有关法国大革命起源的更广泛辩论中。还需要的是一个跨国议程，可以在更广泛的欧洲大国地位斗争中解决法国财政危机，并有助于更好地理解我们现代世界的发展如何与寻找解决方案的需要相关联。这些是研究的主要目的，将产生以下结果：- 一本关于法国大革命财政起源的学术性专著，（根据与牛津大学出版社签订的合同）-向国际同行评审期刊提交两篇学术文章-两次国际会议和编辑会议记录-为一份关于金融危机的流行历史杂志撰写一篇文章，近代早期欧洲的公众舆论和制度变迁--一系列关于“过去的金融危机：历史如何帮助理解当前形势？- 一个关于十八世纪（1688-1815）财政透明度发展的虚拟展览

There is broad consensus amongst historians that it was a fiscal crisis that led to the collapse of the Old Regime, the spark that made the French Revolution of 1789 doable and possible. Yet, the only comprehensive monograph on the relationship between fiscal issues and the breakdown of the Bourbon monarchy is almost a century old. This synthesis, which drew upon nineteenth century scholarship, is chronological and empirical in its approach, narrowly focused on high politics at Versailles and biased by the disputes of the time. Yet it is still regularly cited by historians, and the need for a new fiscal interpretation of the rise and fall of the French monarchy is pressing. A series of ground-breaking articles and monographs have brought to light substantial new material which fundamentally challenges the ways historians have addressed such key issues as the relationship between institutions and economic performance, taxation and privilege, war and credit, debt and the development of financial market. In addition, fiscal history has benefited from the development of econometric modelling and the applying of the methodology of cultural history to the study of taxation, political economy and institutional reform.What is missing is a new synthesis that can draw together these disparate strands, and integrate the crucial dimension of fiscal history into the wider debate about the origins of the French Revolution. What is also needed is a transnational agenda that can situate the French fiscal crisis in the wider European struggle for great power status and contribute to a better understanding about how the development of our Modern world is associated with the need to finding solutions These are the main aims of the research which will result in the following outcomes:- one scholarly and yet accessible monograph on the Fiscal origins of the French Revolution (under contract with OUP)- two scholarly articles to be submitted to international peer-reviewed journals- two international conferences and edition of the proceedings- one article for a popular history magazine on financial crises, public opinion and institutional change in early-modern Europe- a series of public lectures on 'Financial crises of the past: how can history help understand the current situation?' - a virtual exhibition on the development of fiscal transparency in the long eighteenth-century (1688-1815)