Older people's perceptions and experiences of strengths and vulnerabilities across the UK food system

老年人对英国食品系统优势和劣势的看法和经验

• 批准号: ES/M00306X/1
• 负责人: Wendy Wills
• 金额: $ 34.15万
• 依托单位: University of Hertfordshire
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FM00306X%2F1
• 关键词: Older; people; perceptions; experiences; strengths

Like the rest of the developing world the UK is experiencing demographic change. There are currently 10.8 million people aged 65 or over in the UK and over 1.4 million are aged 85 or over. The numbers of centenarians has nearly quadrupled since 1981, from 2,600 to over 12,000 in 2010. The number of people aged 60+ is expected to be more than 20 million in the UK by 2031 and the number of individuals aged over 85 years is predicted to double in the next 20 years and nearly treble in the next 30 (Age UK 2013). A significant minority of older people have ongoing health conditions and for those aged over 85 up to two thirds has a disability or limiting long term illness. Two thirds of NHS clients are aged 65 and over (Philip 2007). Such statistics and demographic shifts highlight that addressing when, how and why older people might become vulnerable through the food that they eat should be a research priority in terms of impact on the UK food system, quality of life for individuals, better public health outcomes, reducing the burden of disease and disability not to mention the resultant economic benefits for the UK. Whilst food security and the UK food system itself are relatively secure, the potential for older people to become vulnerable could be strengthened, weakened or influenced by a number of external factors, though no research has explored such factors broadly in relation to the older population. Older people might disproportionately acquire food from different parts of the food supply chain and civil society compared with other groups of the population as they are perhaps more likely to encounter food delivery services marketed directly at them and the health professionals who care for them and through social enterprises serving food, such as 'meals on wheels' and Age UK lunch clubs.The ways that vulnerability linked to the food system might operate for different groups of older people is not straightforward but a framework for assessing different domains of vulnerability - exposure, threats, coping capacities and outcomes is proposed. Trust is thought to be an integral part of relationship building between actors in the food system and consumers are increasingly being viewed as having an active role in the trust relationship. It is unclear whether and how civil society actors within the food system undertake to build and market trust or whether the mechanisms by which trust operates or is perceived by consumers is different when the commercial sector is not involved. Assessing older people's own views on trust and their experience of different actors at the point that food is acquired is therefore important.We have reviewed the datasets available via the UK Data Service and found none matches the study objectives. New data will therefore be collected and a qualitative approach used. In the first phase of the study the research team will use interviews, photography/photo-elicitation, video observation and other techniques designed to engage participants including the use of diaries with 25 households drawing on a broadly ethnographic approach to investigate the food acquisition practices and perceptions of trust of a range of household types incorporating individuals aged 60+ years. These findings will inform 4-6 focus groups with older people (Phase Two). Finally, a consensus event with stakeholders from across the UK food system will be organised to debate and critique the findings from the first two phases (Phase Three). To maximise public engagement, and ability of a lay audience to more fully participate in the study, we will develop an interactive exhibition. Members of the public, through the Public Involvement in Research group, will be a key part of the approach taken throughout the research.

与其他发展中国家一样，英国正在经历人口结构的变化。目前，英国有1080万65岁或以上的人，超过140万85岁或以上的人。自1981年以来，百岁老人的数量几乎翻了两番，从2,600人增加到2010年的12,000多人。预计到2031年，英国60岁以上的人口数量将超过2000万，85岁以上的人口数量预计将在未来20年翻一番，在未来30年内增加近两倍（Age UK 2013）。相当一部分老年人的健康状况持续不佳，85岁以上的老年人中多达三分之二的人患有残疾或限制性长期疾病。三分之二的国民保健服务客户年龄在65岁及以上（Philip，2007年）。这些统计数据和人口结构的变化凸显出，从对英国食品系统的影响、个人生活质量、更好的公共卫生结果、减少疾病和残疾的负担等方面来看，解决老年人何时、如何以及为何可能通过所吃的食物变得脆弱应该成为研究的优先事项，更不用说由此给英国带来的经济利益了。虽然粮食安全和联合王国粮食系统本身相对安全，但老年人变得脆弱的可能性可能会受到一些外部因素的加强、削弱或影响，尽管没有研究广泛探讨与老年人口有关的这些因素。与人口中的其他群体相比，老年人可能过多地从食品供应链的不同部分和民间社会获得食品，因为他们可能更有可能遇到直接向他们和照顾他们的保健专业人员销售的食品交付服务，并通过提供食品的社会企业，例如“送餐上门”和英国老年人午餐俱乐部。与食品系统相关的脆弱性可能对不同老年人群体起作用的方式并不简单，而是评估不同领域脆弱性的框架--暴露、威胁、应对能力和结果。信任被认为是食品系统参与者之间建立关系的一个组成部分，消费者越来越被视为在信任关系中发挥积极作用。尚不清楚的是，粮食系统内的民间社会行为者是否以及如何承诺建立和推销信任，或者，当商业部门不参与时，信任的运作机制或消费者对信任的看法是否不同。因此，评估老年人自己对信任的看法以及他们在获得食物时对不同行为者的经验非常重要。我们审查了英国数据服务中心提供的数据集，发现没有一个符合研究目标。因此，将收集新的数据，并采用定性方法。在研究的第一阶段，研究小组将使用访谈，摄影/照片启发，视频观察和其他旨在吸引参与者的技术，包括使用25个家庭的日记，采用广泛的人种学方法来调查食物获取实践和一系列家庭类型的信任感，包括60岁以上的个人。这些调查结果将告知4-6个老年人焦点小组（第二阶段）。最后，将组织一个与英国食品系统利益相关者达成共识的活动，对前两个阶段（第三阶段）的研究结果进行辩论和评论。为了尽量提高公众参与度，以及让业外人士能更全面参与研究，我们会举办互动展览。通过公众参与研究小组，公众成员将是整个研究过程中采取的方法的关键部分。

项目成果

Understanding and addressing vulnerability to food insecurity in later life: A dynamic model to support public health interventions

了解并解决晚年粮食不安全的脆弱性：支持公共卫生干预措施的动态模型

• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Dickinson, A.M.

Food security and food practices in later life: a new model of vulnerability

• DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x20002020
• 发表时间: 2021-02-24
• 期刊: AGEING & SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Dickinson, Angela;Wills, Wendy;Halliday, Sue Vaux
• 通讯作者: Halliday, Sue Vaux

Addressing malnutrition and access to food for older people

解决老年人的营养不良和食物获取问题

• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Community Nursing
• 作者: Dickinson A M

Food in later life

晚年的食物

• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Dickinson AD

Everyday food acquisition, food security and ageing.

日常粮食采购、粮食安全和老龄化。

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Dickinson A M