Euroscepticism: dimensions, causes and consequences in times of crisis

欧洲怀疑主义：危机时期的维度、原因和后果

• 批准号: ES/N001826/1
• 负责人: Sofia Vasilopoulou
• 金额: $ 28.11万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FN001826%2F1
• 关键词: Euroscepticism; dimensions; causes; consequences; times

The outbreak of the financial crisis has signalled a new period in the process of European integration. It has -more than ever before- brought to the forefront issues of transnational economic redistribution and has increased political contestation in and about the European Union (EU). Contrary to the pre-crisis era when Euroscepticism was mostly an expression of public protest limited to parties in the margins of their political systems, it has now developed into a widespread phenomenon with far-reaching implications for democracy in the EU and its members. However, we know surprisingly little about the nature of politicisation of European integration and the ways in which the structure of political conflict has changed as a result of the crisis. Seeking to build on the literature examining democratic contestation and the politicisation of European integration, and to contribute towards an improved understanding of the nature of Euroscepticism in times of crisis, this project offers an original contribution to the study of Euroscepticism by integrating three research objectives, which aim at (1) mapping and identifying the different dimensions of Euroscepticism and understanding whether these have changed as a result of the crisis; (2) exploring the underlying causes of Euroscepticism and explaining variation in levels of Euroscepticism at the country, party and individual levels; and (3) assessing the ways in which Euroscepticism feeds back into national politics by testing its consequences on domestic political behaviour. In answering these questions, this project relies on a novel interdisciplinary longitudinal and comparative research design and applies an original multi-method approach through the complementary use of quantitative and experimental methods. The project will examine the dimensions and causes of Euroscepticism through an analysis of cross-sectional and time series data in all EU member states. The longitudinal design enables us to compare Euroscepticism in the periods prior to and during the crisis. The project will study the consequences of Euroscepticism on domestic political behaviour by focusing on three countries, namely Britain, Germany and Greece, which are non-Eurozone members, creditor and debtor countries, respectively. Building on my work on Euroscepticism, this study makes a significant theoretical, empirical and methodological contribution to our understanding of the politics of opposition in Europe and the literature on the EU's democratic deficit. The project's findings will provide evidence-based knowledge about elite and citizen attitudes towards European integration, allowing for effective policy responses to the rise of Eurosceptic sentiment across Europe. The three-year length of the project (2016-2018) will enable me to become a research leader at the forefront of political analysis, linking the project's findings to the debate over the possible 2017 referendum on British EU membership, the possibility of Greek exit and the upcoming 2019 European Parliament (EP) elections. Through its insights on the changing nature of Euroscepticism, the project has the potential to stir debate regarding institutional reform, accountability and representation in the EU. An advisory board consisting of academics and policy-makers will be consulted through the duration of the project. In order to ensure the co-production of knowledge with relevant policy communities, I have established official partnership with two think tanks, the Brussels-based Foundation for European Progressive Studies and the London-based Policy Network. Research outputs will include dissemination to practitioners and the wider public through three policy-related workshops, executive summaries, policy publications, media articles and a dedicated project website; and academic dissemination through conference participation, journal articles and a monograph.

金融危机的爆发标志着欧洲一体化进程进入了一个新时期。它比以往任何时候都更突出了跨国经济再分配问题，并增加了欧洲联盟（欧盟）内部和周围的政治影响。在危机前，欧洲怀疑主义主要是一种公众抗议的表达，仅限于政治制度边缘的政党，与此相反，它现在已经发展成为一种普遍现象，对欧盟及其成员国的民主产生了深远的影响。然而，令人惊讶的是，我们对欧洲一体化政治化的性质以及政治冲突结构因危机而发生变化的方式知之甚少。寻求建立在文献研究民主的立场和欧洲一体化的政治化，并有助于提高对危机时期欧洲怀疑论的性质的理解，该项目提供了一个原始的贡献，通过整合三个研究目标，欧洲怀疑论的研究，其目的是（1）绘制和识别欧洲怀疑主义的不同维度，并了解这些维度是否因危机而发生变化;（2）探索欧洲怀疑主义的根本原因，并解释欧洲怀疑主义在国家、政党和个人层面上的差异;（3）通过测试欧洲怀疑主义对国内政治行为的影响，评估欧洲怀疑主义反馈到国家政治中的方式。在回答这些问题时，该项目依赖于一种新的跨学科纵向和比较研究设计，并通过定量和实验方法的互补使用，应用了一种原始的多方法方法。该项目将通过分析所有欧盟成员国的跨部门和时间序列数据，研究欧洲怀疑主义的层面和原因。纵向设计使我们能够比较危机之前和危机期间的欧洲怀疑主义。该项目将研究欧洲怀疑主义对国内政治行为的后果，重点是三个国家，即英国、德国和希腊，它们分别是非欧元区成员国、债权国和债务国。基于我对欧洲怀疑主义的研究，这项研究为我们理解欧洲反对派政治和欧盟民主赤字的文献做出了重要的理论，实证和方法论贡献。该项目的研究结果将提供有关精英和公民对欧洲一体化态度的循证知识，从而能够对欧洲各地欧洲怀疑情绪的上升做出有效的政策反应。该项目为期三年（2016-2018年），将使我成为政治分析前沿的研究领导者，将项目的研究结果与2017年英国欧盟成员资格公投，希腊退出的可能性和即将到来的2019年欧洲议会（EP）选举的辩论联系起来。通过其对欧洲怀疑论不断变化的性质的见解，该项目有可能激起关于欧盟机构改革、问责制和代表性的辩论。在整个项目期间，将与一个由学术界和决策者组成的咨询委员会进行协商。为了确保与相关政策界共同产生知识，我与两个智库建立了正式伙伴关系，即总部设在布鲁塞尔的欧洲进步研究基金会和总部设在伦敦的政策网络。研究成果将包括通过三个与政策有关的讲习班、执行摘要、政策出版物、媒体文章和一个专门的项目网站向从业人员和广大公众传播;通过参加会议、发表期刊文章和一本专著进行学术传播。

项目成果

Fear, anger and enthusiasm about the European Union: Effects of emotional reactions on public preferences towards European integration

• DOI: 10.1177/1465116517698048
• 发表时间: 2017-03
• 期刊: European Union Politics
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Sofia Vasilopoulou;Markus Wagner

The affective model of far-right vote in Europe: Anger, political trust, and immigration

欧洲极右翼投票的情感模式：愤怒、政治信任和移民

• DOI: 10.1111/ssqu.13153
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Social Science Quarterly
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Erisen C

Emotional reactions to immigration and support for EU cooperation on immigration and terrorism

对移民的情绪反应以及对欧盟在移民和恐怖主义方面合作的支持

• DOI: 10.1080/13501763.2019.1630470
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of European Public Policy
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Erisen C

The Eurosceptic 2014 European Parliament Elections

欧洲怀疑论者 2014 年欧洲议会选举

• DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-58696-4_4
• 发表时间: 2017
• 作者: Vasilopoulou S

Opportunity or threat? Public attitudes towards EU freedom of movement

机会还是威胁？

• DOI: 10.1080/13501763.2018.1497075
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of European Public Policy
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Vasilopoulou S