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Opportunities and conflicts in rapid agricultural growth: creating awareness and policy engagement with contract farming in Southern Africa

农业快速增长中的机遇和冲突：提高南部非洲订单农业的意识和政策参与度

基本信息

批准号：
ES/P009964/1
负责人：
Liliana Perez Nino
金额：
--
依托单位：
School of Oriental and African Studies
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FP009964%2F1
关键词：
Opportunities conflicts rapid agricultural growth

项目摘要

Agricultural sectors in sub-Saharan Africa have historically experienced production booms and periods of accelerated growth. However, at the mercy of global market fluctuations, political or economic crises, the gains obtained during periods of rapid expansion are also rapidly lost. More attentive study of the dynamics that underpin agricultural booms gives us clues for understanding under which set of conditions do producers find solutions to the constraints that otherwise prevent their effective integration to markets. Such bottlenecks include the absence of agricultural credit to finance production; the scarce provision of research and development and technical assistance necessary to enhance both productivity and investible surpluses; and the relative underdevelopment of the infrastructure and logistical services that boost domestic value addition and that guarantee the timely and coordinated arrival of commodities to processors and consumers. This research set out to identify how the transformation produced by periods of accelerated growth can be transferred into other economic sectors in a sustainable manner that can effectively benefit the most deprived segments of the population. In light of these considerations the foundational research conducted as part of this proposal examined the way an agricultural boom in the production of cured tobacco leaf unfolded over a period of two decades in central Mozambique, one of the most deprived areas of the country and the region most harshly affected by the violence and destruction of the Mozambican civil war (1977-1992). The research documented the mechanisms and institutions that helped solve binding constraints during the tobacco boom and examined the positive impact that the expansion of production had on the livelihoods of thousands of tobacco farmers. However, the research also found that, to a great extent, the impressive growth of Mozambique's tobacco sector, now the country's foremost agricultural export, was largely predicated on the contribution of unpaid labour by members of the farming households and in many cases on the work of hired migrant workers in very precarious conditions. The research concluded that the benefits of agricultural growth are highly unevenly distributed and that specific interventions on the part of state institutions and unions are necessary in order to guarantee that economic expansion leads to effective productivity upgrading without being simply based on the exploitative mobilisation of precarious labour. Insights and analysis presented in the research demonstrate this contradiction.In order for these research insights to reach academic and policy-making audiences and for them to have a transformative impact, a solid dissemination and advocacy strategy is necessary. The proposed fellowship will focus on the preparation of different academic papers and policy briefs adjusted to the diverse languages and requirements of academic and non-academic communication. These documents will help structure a set of meetings with representatives of the Mozambican state and labour unions at national and provincial level and will furnish them with arguments, data and policy proposals in order to support policy makers in the process of adopting a more nuanced approach to the contradictory needs of different social groups intervening in agricultural production. The project will also consolidate the work of setting up a network of scholars working on contract farming and tobacco in the Southern African region with the aim of devising a strategy to invite regional governments to boost coordination and exchanges in the regulation of the tobacco sector.

撒哈拉以南非洲的农业部门历史上经历了生产繁荣和加速增长时期。然而，在全球市场波动、政治或经济危机的支配下，在快速扩张时期获得的收益也迅速丧失。对支撑农业繁荣的动态进行更仔细的研究，可以为我们提供线索，帮助我们了解生产者在什么样的条件下才能找到解决办法，以解决阻碍他们有效融入市场的制约因素。这些瓶颈包括：缺乏农业信贷来资助生产;缺乏提高生产力和可投资盈余所需的研发和技术援助;基础设施和物流服务相对不发达，而这些服务可以提高国内附加值，并保证商品及时和协调地到达加工商和消费者手中。这项研究的目的是确定如何以可持续的方式将加速增长时期产生的变革转移到其他经济部门，使人口中最贫困的阶层切实受益。根据这些考虑，作为该提案一部分进行的基础研究审查了莫桑比克中部20年来烤烟生产的农业繁荣发展方式，该地区是该国最贫困的地区之一，也是受莫桑比克内战（1977-1992年）暴力和破坏影响最严重的地区。这项研究记录了在烟草繁荣时期帮助解决约束性制约因素的机制和机构，并审查了扩大生产对成千上万烟农生计的积极影响。然而，研究还发现，莫桑比克烟草部门目前是该国最重要的农业出口部门，其令人印象深刻的增长在很大程度上取决于农业家庭成员的无偿劳动，在许多情况下取决于雇用的移徙工人在非常不稳定的条件下的工作。研究得出的结论是，农业增长的利益分配极不均衡，国家机构和工会必须采取具体干预措施，以保证经济扩张导致有效的生产力提升，而不仅仅是以剥削性方式动员不稳定的劳动力。研究中提出的见解和分析表明了这一矛盾，为了使这些研究见解能够达到学术界和决策界的受众，并使其产生变革性的影响，有必要制定一个坚实的传播和宣传战略。拟议的研究金将侧重于编写不同的学术论文和政策简报，以适应不同的语文以及学术和非学术交流的要求。这些文件将有助于组织与莫桑比克国家和工会代表在国家和省一级举行的一系列会议，并将为他们提供论据、数据和政策建议，以支持决策者采取更细致的方法来满足参与农业生产的不同社会群体的矛盾需求。该项目还将巩固在南部非洲区域建立一个从事合同农业和烟草工作的学者网络的工作，目的是制定一项战略，邀请区域政府加强烟草部门监管方面的协调和交流。