NATURAL HISTORY STUDIES: GBS AND PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION

自然史研究：GBS 和肺炎球菌感染

• 批准号: 3096837
• 负责人: BARRY GRAY
• 金额: $ 64.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 1993-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3096837
• 关键词: Streptococcus agalactiae; Streptococcus infection; Streptococcus pneumoniae; bactericidal immunity; communicable disease transmission

The objective of this renewal program is to further explore the natural history of infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, group B streptococcus (GBS), and Hemophilus influenzae type b. These three pathogens account for most serious bacterial infection in infants and children and remain significant causes of disease in otherwise healthy young women (GBS puerpural infections) and in aging adults (the pneumococcus). They share many biological and immunological features, and their disease potential has continued to be high, despite advances in antibiotic therapy and development of vaccines. Satisfactory modes of prevention have yet to be realized. This program will focus upon key aspects of host- parasite relationships that may help explain the development of disease and suggest new approaches to its prevention The Core Project provides clinical support for the entire program. While continuing to yield important epidemiologic information through new and ongoing clinical studies, it provides essential patient materials, bacterial isolates, and epidemiological data from well defined patient populations. Seroepidmeiological investigations Project 1 will make use of these materials to more precisely define "protection" in immunological terms. Its studies will evaluate functional (opsonophagocytic) antibody with respect to measured properties, critically examining the roles of avidity and blocking by specific IgA antibodies. Studies of antibody functions other than opsonization will focus upon the activation of platelets and neutrophils in vitro and in acute disease. The immunochemistry of GBS polysaccharides will be studied in Project 2. The similarities between GBS antigens and glycoconjugates of the human host will be examined in relation to colonization and disease. The molecular basis for these similarities will be studied with modern NMR techniques, monoclonal antibodies, and chemically modified GBS antigens: The concept of "virulence" will be examined with respect to biological properties of the bacteria and their polysaccharide capsules. Project 3 will study the surface protein antigens of the pneumococci to develop a protein typing system and to evaluate the possible application of surface proteins as candidate vaccines. The epidemiology of surface protein--will be studied in correlation with the human antibody response to pneumococcal colonization and disease.

该更新计划的目标是进一步探索 肺炎链球菌引起的感染的自然史， B群链球菌（GBS）和流感嗜血杆菌B型。 这三种病原体是最严重的细菌感染 在婴儿和儿童中， 在其他方面健康的年轻女性（GBS产后感染）和 老年人（肺炎球菌）。 他们有许多共同的生物和 免疫学特征，其潜在的疾病一直在继续 尽管抗生素治疗和开发取得了进展， 疫苗。 尚未制定令人满意的预防模式， 实现了 该计划将集中在主机的关键方面- 寄生虫关系可能有助于解释 并提出新的预防方法 核心项目为整个项目提供临床支持。 同时继续提供重要的流行病学信息 通过新的和正在进行的临床研究， 患者材料、细菌分离株和流行病学数据 明确的患者群体。 血清型减数分裂 调查项目1将利用这些材料， 用免疫学术语精确定义“保护”。 其研究 将评价功能性（调理吞噬）抗体， 到测量的属性，批判性地研究的作用， 并被特异性伊加抗体阻断。 抗体研究 调理作用以外的功能将集中在激活 血小板和中性粒细胞在体外和急性疾病。 GBS多糖的免疫化学将在 项目2. GBS抗原和 将检查人类宿主的糖缀合物与以下方面的关系： 殖民和疾病。 分子基础 相似之处将研究与现代核磁共振技术，单克隆 抗体和化学修饰的GBS抗原： “毒力”将根据生物学特性进行检查 细菌和它们的多糖囊的结构。 项目3将研究的表面蛋白抗原的 肺炎球菌，以开发蛋白分型系统，并评估 表面蛋白作为候选疫苗的可能应用。 表面蛋白的流行病学--将进行相关研究 与人类抗体对肺炎球菌定植的反应， 疾病