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Internalised and gendered ageism and disableism and its consequences for labour market participation of older workers: a mixed method study

内部化和性别化的年龄歧视和残疾歧视及其对老年工人劳动力市场参与的影响：一项混合方法研究

基本信息

批准号：
ES/S00551X/1
负责人：
Sarah Vickerstaff
金额：
$ 19.99万
依托单位：
University of Kent
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FS00551X%2F1
关键词：
Internalised gendered ageism disableism its

项目摘要

An important public policy goal is to extend the working lives of older workers by encouraging them to delay retirement. Research has indicated that in addition to experiencing direct age discrimination individuals internalise stereotypes about older people and older workers. When they are themselves older, they may exclude themselves from work situations or career opportunities. Examples of stereotypes include that older workers are less productive and less motivated at work, though at the same time more experienced and wiser. Much of the interpretation of what it means to be older is related to decline and as being less 'able' than younger workers. However, the study of disableism and ageism have largely developed in separation from each other. This project aims to assess the overlap between the two to deepen our understanding and enable the effects of ageism to be tackled more successfully. Moreover, internalised ageism is hypothesized as related to self-exclusion from the labour market and development opportunities within work. Therefore, internalised ageism may severely hinder the policy goal of extended working lives. By investigating the relationship between internalised ageism and disableism and self-exclusion this project will investigate the extent to which in addition to discrimination where older workers are excluded by others, older workers may also exclude *themselves*. It is also important to take gender differences into account as men and women have different labour market histories and because research has shown that both ageism and disableism are gendered. This project is innovative in that it will assess these relationships by analysing both quantitative and qualitative data. The qualitative dataset allows an exploration of how individuals themselves describe their future working and retirement plans based on internalised ageism and disableism. The quantitative data will help generalise the findings of the qualitative data as well as testing specific relationships between the variables of interest, such as age, health, disability and gender. This research will improve our understanding of how ageism and disableism are related to one another and how it affects self-exclusion. Therefore it will give indications for interventions to increase the labour market participation of older workers and it will suggest which stereotypes are especially detrimental for their employment. The project will involve stakeholders from business and the charitable sectors to work through the implications of this study to produce practical interventions. It is an important aim to ensure that the knowledge generated from this project will not be limited to academic audiences, but will be widely distributed through practitioner and public networks. The proposal speaks to two of the ESRC's strategic priorities: productivity and to a lesser extent mental health. The role of the older workforce is acknowledged in the Industrial Strategy (HM Government, 2017) and encouraging older workers to engage in retraining, lifelong learning and delay retirement will have an impact on skills shortages and productivity. Discrimination is known to be a stressor that can impact upon mental health (Pascoe and Richman, 2009) a better understanding of internalised ageism and disableism can shed light on these issues and point towards interventions for ameliorating the impacts of discrimination.

一个重要的公共政策目标是通过鼓励老年工人延迟退休来延长他们的工作寿命。研究表明，除了经历直接的年龄歧视外，个人还内化了对老年人和老年工人的陈规定型观念。当他们自己年龄较大时，他们可能会将自己排除在工作环境或职业机会之外。陈规定型观念的例子包括，老年工人的生产力较低，工作积极性较低，但同时更有经验和智慧。对老年意味着什么的大部分解释都与衰退有关，并且与年轻工人相比“能力不足”。然而，残疾歧视和老年歧视的研究在很大程度上是在相互分离的情况下发展起来的。该项目旨在评估两者之间的重叠，以加深我们的理解，并使年龄歧视的影响得到更成功的解决。此外，内化的年龄歧视被假设为与自我排斥在劳动力市场和工作中的发展机会有关。因此，内化的年龄歧视可能会严重阻碍延长工作寿命的政策目标。通过调查内在化的老龄歧视和残疾歧视与自我排斥之间的关系，该项目将调查除了老年工人被其他人排斥的歧视外，老年工人还可能排斥 * 自己 * 的程度。考虑到性别差异也很重要，因为男子和妇女在劳动力市场的历史不同，而且研究表明，年龄歧视和残疾歧视都是性别歧视。该项目的创新之处在于，它将通过分析定量和定性数据来评估这些关系。定性数据集允许探索个人如何描述自己的未来工作和退休计划的基础上内化的年龄歧视和残疾歧视。定量数据将有助于归纳定性数据的结果，并检验年龄、健康、残疾和性别等相关变量之间的具体关系。这项研究将提高我们对年龄歧视和残疾歧视如何相互关联以及它如何影响自我排斥的理解。因此，它将为增加老年工人参与劳动力市场的干预措施提供指示，并将表明哪些陈规定型观念对他们的就业特别有害。该项目将吸收来自企业和慈善部门的利益攸关方参与，研究本研究的影响，以制定切实可行的干预措施。一个重要的目标是确保该项目产生的知识不仅限于学术界，而且将通过从业人员和公共网络广泛传播。该提案涉及ESRC的两个战略重点：生产力和较小程度的心理健康。《工业战略》（英国政府，2017年）承认老年劳动力的作用，鼓励老年工人参加再培训、终身学习和延迟退休将对技能短缺和生产力产生影响。众所周知，歧视是一种可能影响心理健康的压力源（Pascoe和Richman，2009年），更好地理解内在的老龄歧视和残疾歧视可以揭示这些问题，并指出改善歧视影响的干预措施。