Gendering Global Trade through Canada-UK Trade Relationships

“性别平等”、“性别平衡”和“妇女赋权”是日益渗透到全球经济政策中的强有力的理念。虽然几十年来，将性别观点纳入主流在发展、援助和金融领域一直是常态，但在全球政策制定方面，性别平等的贸易政策协定需要得到解决的想法出现得较晚。此外，不同行为者采取了不同类型的性别和贸易倡议，从尽最大努力作出承诺，到知识生产和开发按性别分列的方法工具和数据，再到发展中国家的能力建设和微观干预。在全球治理中，越来越多的人认识到，渐进的贸易政策必须对性别敏感。目前对性别问题有敏感认识的贸易政策举措旨在支持赋予妇女经济权力，缩小福利分配方面的差距和两性不平等，并尽量减少贸易自由化对弱势妇女的不利影响。该项目将评估研究知识的现状，并涵盖全球贸易治理领域性别平等领域的现有政策举措，以解决两个关键问题：加拿大和英国未来的贸易合作如何最好地推行对性别问题有敏感认识的、社会进步的政策？加拿大和英国如何才能成为这一全球政策领域的领导者？该项目将评估以下方面的知识和政策实践情况：(1)将性别观点纳入全球经济治理的主流；(2)不同的国家和国际机构如何将贸易性别平等的想法转化为具体政策；(3)国家和国际政策界成员从现有的贸易和性别平等倡议中吸取了哪些经验教训。基于这项研究，我们将确定最有希望的政策和实践，并指出需要更多数据和研究的领域，以便为未来加拿大和英国的贸易政策制定提供证据。其成果如下：1.性别全球贸易：知识综合报告。国际政治经济学、性别研究、发展研究和商业研究等学科的性别和贸易文献以及相关学术文献的综合和评价(2018年8月15日)全球贸易性别划分：范围界定回顾。绘制各国政府、政府间组织和非政府组织现有的性别平等全球贸易倡议图，并综合国家和国际政策界成员在全球贸易性别平等方面的经验和最佳做法的第一手资料(2018年10月15日)。全球贸易性别问题：政策建议。基于对通过知识合成和范围确定收集的数据源进行三角测量的加拿大-英国贸易合作和领导的最佳做法(2018年11月15日)。

'Gender equality', 'gender balance' and 'women's empowerment' are powerful ideas that increasingly permeate global economic policy. While gender mainstreaming has been the norm in the fields of development, aid, and finance for many decades, the idea that the genderedimpacts of trade policy need to be addressed arrived late to global policymaking. What is more, different actors adopt different types of gender and trade initiatives ranging from best endeavour commitments, to knowledge production and the development of gender-disaggregated methodological tools and data, to capacity building and micro-interventions in developing countries. Across global governance, there is growing recognition that progressive trade policy must be gender-sensitive. Current gender-sensitive trade policy initiatives are aimed at supporting women's economic empowerment, closing gaps in welfare distribution and gender inequalities, and minimizing the adverse impacts of trade liberalization on vulnerable women. This project will assess the current state of research knowledge and scope existing policy initiatives in the field of gendering global trade governance in order to address two key questions: How can future Canada-UK trade cooperation best pursue gender-sensitive, socially progressive policies? How can Canada and the UK be established as leaders in this global policy field? The project will assess the state of knowledge and policy practice on (1) gender mainstreaming in global economic governance; (2) how different national and international institutions translate the idea of gendering trade into specific policies; (3) what are the lessons-learned of existing trade and gender initiatives by members of national and international policy communities. Based on this research, we will identify the most promising policies and practices and indicate areas that require more data and research in order to contribute evidence for future Canada-UK trade policymaking.Its deliverables are as follows:1. Gendering Global Trade: Knowledge Synthesis Report. A synthesis and appraisal of the gender and trade literature and of related bodies of academic literature across the disciplines of International Political Economy (IPE), gender studies, development studies, and business studies (15 August, 2018).2. Gendering Global Trade: Scoping Review. A mapping of existing gendering global trade initiatives taken by various national governments, IGOs and NGOs, and synthesis of firsthand accounts of experiences and best practices with gendering global trade by members of national and international policy communities (15 October, 2018).3. Gendering Global Trade: Policy Recommendations. Best practices for Canada-UK trade cooperation and leadership based on triangulation of data sources gathered through Knowledge Synthesis and Scoping (15 November, 2018).