Improving international policy responses to honour-based violence and abuse (HBVA)

这项奖学金建立在我的博士学位《英格兰和威尔士基于荣誉的虐待：谁对谁做了什么？》的基础上，该项目首次系统地研究了数百起英国基于荣誉的暴力和虐待(HBVA)案件(贝茨，2017)。在英国，国家警察局长委员会将HBVA定义为：“涉及暴力、暴力威胁、恐吓、胁迫或虐待(包括心理、身体、性、财务或情感虐待)的犯罪或事件，因涉嫌或被认为违反家庭和/或社区行为守则而致力于或可能致力于保护或捍卫个人、家庭和/或社区的荣誉的犯罪或事件”(NPCC，2015)。它经常发生在控制妇女的性行为或自主权的家庭的背景下(Sen，2005)。我的博士研究解决了英国对HBVA的理解上的差距。以前的文献指出，缺乏比较多个HBVA案件(议会)中发生的情况的数据。(英国下议院，2008年)，公众对这一虐待行为的理解偏向于强迫婚姻和最“耸人听闻”的名誉谋杀案件(Brandon和Hafez，2008年；Gill和Mitra-Kahn，2010年)，这是一种被低估的虐待行为(HMIC，2015)。从警察和受害者支持服务机构收集的真实案例来看，我的博士学位描述了受害者和肇事者，并建立了暴力类型，展示了受害者和肇事者之间的关系，以影响虐待行为的性质。作为研究员，我将发展这些发现，并将它们传达给更广泛的受众--包括英国和国际上的政策制定者和从业者--以便它们能够被应用于更好地识别和支持基于荣誉的暴力和虐待的受害者。我将通过三种方式做到这一点。首先，我将通过将我的博士数据的具体方面的分析写入期刊文章以供发表(一篇介绍受害者；一篇研究针对HBVA案件的刑事司法对策--以及应该是什么)，并在国际会议上发表，将我的发现传达给学术和研究受众。其次，我将向非学术受众传播我的调查结果，包括通过政策布里斯托尔网站上的博客向公众传播我的调查结果，为政策制定者主办专家研讨会，为暴力/虐待支助服务的从业人员举办关于我的调查结果的讲习班，以及通过设在英国的网络荣誉虐待研究矩阵参加活动。第三，我将在我的博士学位之外，通过开展一项简短的研究，比较英国、丹麦、挪威、芬兰和瑞典政府对HBVA的政策反应，并准备一份进一步研究(在获得奖学金后)的投标，重点是如何改善对受害者的刑事司法反应和支持服务。此外，这些活动将使我的博士学位的发现更广泛地获得，并实质性地改善英国对HBVA的学术、实践和公共知识状况。重点关注政府政策制定者和受害者支助服务和刑事司法机构的从业人员如何解释我的调查结果并根据我的调查结果采取行动，这是该研究金的一个主要目标。

This fellowship builds on my PhD, Honour-based abuse in England and Wales: Who does what to whom?, which for the first time systematically examined hundreds of UK cases of honour-based violence and abuse (HBVA) (Bates, 2017). In the UK, HBVA is defined by the National Police Chiefs' Council as: "a crime or incident involving violence, threats of violence, intimidation, coercion or abuse (including psychological, physical, sexual, financial or emotional abuse) which has, or may have been, committed to protect or defend the honour of an individual, family and/or community for alleged or perceived breaches of the family and/or community code of behaviour" (NPCC, 2015). It often occurs in the context of families controlling women's sexuality or autonomy (Sen, 2005). My PhD research addressed a gap in understanding of HBVA in the UK. Previous literature had identified that there was a lack of data comparing what happened in multiple HBVA cases (Parliament. House of Commons, 2008), that the public understanding of this abuse was skewed towards forced marriage and the most 'sensational' cases of honour killings (Brandon and Hafez, 2008; Gill and Mitra-Kahn, 2010), and that it was an under-reported abuse (HMIC, 2015). Looking at real-life cases gathered from police and victim support services, my PhD profiled the victims and perpetrators, and built a typology of violence which showed the relationship between victim and perpetrator to affect the nature of the abusive behaviour. As Fellow, I will develop these findings and communicate them to a wider audience - including policy-makers and practitioners in the UK and internationally - so that they can be applied to better identify and support victims of honour-based violence and abuse. I will do this in three ways. Firstly, I will communicate my findings to academic and research audiences, by writing up analysis of specific aspects of my PhD data into journal articles for publication (one profiling victims; and one examining what the criminal justice response to cases of HBVA is - and should be), and presenting at international conferences. Secondly, I will disseminate my findings for a non-academic audience, including for the general public via a blog on the Policy Bristol website, hosting an experts' seminar for policy-makers, running workshops on my findings for practitioners in violence/abuse support services, and participating in events via the UK-based network Honour-Based Abuse Research Matrix. Thirdly, I will develop the findings beyond my PhD by carrying out a short piece of research comparing the government policy responses to HBVA in the UK, Denmark, Norway, Finland and Sweden, and preparing a bid for further research (after this fellowship) focusing on how to improve the criminal justice response and support services for victims.Together, these activities will make the findings from my PhD more widely available, and materially improve the academic, practical and public state of knowledge about HBVA in the UK. A focus on how government policy-makers and practitioners in victim support services and criminal justice agencies can interpret and act upon my findings is a key aim of the fellowship.