Futuristic Ecosystems for Digital Entrepreneurships: UK-India cross border collaborations for enhancing Knowledge-Economy

自熊彼特(1954)以来，经济学家们一直对创业感兴趣，熊彼特强调了“创造性的破坏狂风”。在开发新机会的过程中，企业家提高了整体经济的生产率(Kirzner，1973)。随着移动计算、社交媒体和数据分析等数字技术的创新，创业的机会已经扩大(Nambian，2017)。技能和技术的扩散以及企业对其的吸收，为英国和印度创造了新的就业机会，提高了生产率和繁荣。在当前的第四次工业革命和万物互联期间，数字技术的进步一直在迅速扩张，然而，关于贸易和跨境投资潜力的系统分析仍很匮乏。因此，我们的研究将分析英国和印度涉及数字创业的跨境贸易和投资的潜力。英国和印度坚定地致力于鼓励创业。通过印度和英国之间自上而下和自下而上的现有和新兴网络，通过学生、职业专业人士和海外侨民，知识、思想和投资的交流得到了强有力的促进。印度和英国采取联合行动促进繁荣的潜力延伸到创业方面的合作，包括中小企业(SME)。虽然在研究工业的性质、涉及的商业职能、支持工业的机构和技术方面做了一些工作(Gomber等人，2017年)，但关于该部门如何与经济的其他部分相互作用的研究很少。因此，我们将研究当前和未来通过数字创业促进知识经济的英印贸易和投资的范围，并提供360度的视角，以加强人力和财政资源共享的性质和影响。本研究采用一次和二次数据相结合的研究方法，进行循证跨学科的结构化研究。主要数据将从英国和印度的大学孵化器收集。在此背景下，我们将对英国和印度内部和之间现有的数字创业生态系统进行概述，包括金融服务/金融科技公司。我们将从跨境合作在降低交易成本、促进信贷流动和创造投资良性循环方面发挥的作用来研究跨境合作的机遇和挑战。我们还将研究支持中小企业和非正规部门创业的现有和潜在机会，包括贸易融资、发票融资和个人对个人贷款。我们还将探索现有和必要的机制，以实现包容和机会平等。这项研究还将研究现行政策和法规，以确定加强合作的机会，并确定挑战，以提出改进建议，以克服潜在的瓶颈，加强合作，实现共同繁荣。基于我们的分析，我们将发展潜在的未来生态系统，以进一步促进英印贸易和跨境投资，以在不断变化的全球环境中促进共同的经济增长和繁荣。

Entrepreneurship has been of interest for economists since Schumpeter (1954), who emphasised the "creative gale of destruction". In the process of exploiting new opportunities, entrepreneurs enhance productivity in the overall economy (Kirzner, 1973). The opportunities for entrepreneurship have expanded with innovation in digital technologies such as mobile computing, social media and data analytics (Nambisan, 2017). The diffusion of skills and technology and its absorption by firms generate new kind of jobs, enhances productivity and prosperity for both UK and India. Advancements in digital technologies have been expanding rapidly during the current fourth industrial revolution and internet of everything, however, systematic analyses pertaining to the potential for trade and cross border investments is yet scare. Thus, our study will analyse the potential for UK-India cross border trade and investments involving Digital Entrepreneurships. UK and India are strongly committed to encouraging entrepreneurship. The exchange of knowledge, ideas and investment is facilitated strongly through established and emerging networks between India and UK both top down and bottom up, through students, working professionals and diaspora. The potential for joint action for enhanced prosperity between India and UK extends to collaborations in entrepreneurships, including small and medium enterprises (SMEs). While there has been some work on examining the nature of industry, the business functions involved, the institutions that support it and the technologies (Gomber et al., 2017), there is little research on how this sector interacts with the rest of the economy. Hence we will examine current and future scope for UK-India trade and investment through digital entrepreneurship to enhance knowledge economy and provide a 360-degree view of the nature and impact for enhanced sharing of human and financial resources. This study undertakes structured evidence-based trans-disciplinary research using mixed-methodology involving primary and secondary data. Primary data will be collected from universities-based incubators in UK and India. In this context, we will conduct an overview of existing ecosystem within and between UK and India for digital entrepreneurships including financial services/FinTech firms. We will examine the opportunities and challenges for cross border collaborations in terms of the role played by such entrepreneurships for reducing transaction costs, enhancing credit flows, and creating a virtuous cycle of investment. We will also examine existing and potential opportunities for supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and the informal sector entrepreneurship, including trade financing, invoice financing and peer-to-peer lending. We will also explore existing and necessary mechanisms to enable inclusion and equal opportunity. This study will also examine current policies and regulations to ascertain opportunities for enhancing co-operation as well as identify challenges to suggest improvements to overcome potential bottlenecks to enhance co-operation and enable mutual prosperity. Based on our analyses, we will develop potential future ecosystems toward further UK-India trade and cross border investments toward enhancing mutual economic growth and prosperity in a changing global environment.