MOLECULAR GENETIC EVENTS IN LUNG CANCER

A.小细胞肺癌患者的66个肿瘤细胞系 已被研究用于myc家族的DNA扩增。35次中的15次 (43%)从处理过的小细胞建立的细胞系 肺癌患者被扩增出myc家族中的一员。 基因的比例为3/30(10%) 未经治疗的病人。化疗治疗小细胞肺癌 肿瘤细胞系具有c-myc家族DNA扩增的患者 患者的中位生存期为27周，而其生存期为49周 肿瘤细胞系不存在c-myc家族DNA扩增。 38例小细胞肺癌患者的肿瘤标本 已被研究用于myc家族的DNA扩增。38次中的6次 (16%)有myc癌基因家族之一的DNA扩增 (4例N-myc和2例L-myc)。所有这些都是从化疗中获得的 治疗小细胞肺癌患者。MYC家族DNA 扩增似乎在化疗治疗中更为常见 小细胞癌患者和c-myc家族DNA扩增 与生存时间缩短有关。 B.限制片段长度多态(RFLP)研究 显示35名小细胞肺癌患者中有33名患者 正常人肿瘤组织DNA中的杂合性 组织DNA。这证实了遗传信息的丢失 定位于3号染色体的短臂，之前由 核型分析。肺外小细胞癌一直是 用核型和RFLP分析研究了4/5的患者 两条染色体均在3p14-21区域的S的RFLP分析 并进行核型分析。这证明了一种不同的基因 在组织学上无法区分的肿瘤中的病变。

A. Sixty-six tumor cell lines from small cell-lung cancer patients have been studied for myc family DNA amplification. Fifteen of 35 (43%) cell lines established from previously treated small cell lung cancer patients have been amplified for one of the myc family genes compared to 3/30 (10%) of cell lines established from untreated patients. Chemotherapy treated small cell lung cancer patients whose tumor cell lines have c-myc family DNA amplification live a median of 27 weeks compared to 49 weeks for patients whose tumor cell lines do not have c-myc family DNA amplification. Thirty-eight tumors harvested from small cell lung cancer patients have been studied for myc family DNA amplification. Six of 38 (16%) have DNA amplification of one of the myc family of oncogenes (4 N-myc and 2 L-myc). All these were obtained from chemotherapy treated small cell lung cancer patients. myc family DNA amplification appears to be more common in chemotherapy treated small cell cancer patients and c-myc family DNA amplification is associated with shortened survival. B. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) studies have shown that 33 of 35 patients with small cell lung cancer lose heterozygosity in the tumor tissue DNA that was present in normal tissue DNA. This confirms the loss of genetic information localized to the short arm of chromosome 3 previously described by karyotype analysis. Extrapulmonary small cell cancers have been studied using karyotype and RFLP analysis and 4/5 patients retain both chromosome 3's in the region of 3p14-21 by both RFLP analysis and karyotype analysis. This demonstrates a different genetic lesion in tumors that histologically are indistinguishable.