Intimate Partner Violence and Children's Human Capital: The Development of Socio-Emotional and Cognitive Skills in Early Years

亲密伴侣暴力与儿童的人力资本：早期社会情感和认知技能的发展

• 批准号: ES/V016067/1
• 负责人: Dan Anderberg
• 金额: $ 25.28万
• 依托单位: Royal Holloway University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FV016067%2F1
• 关键词: Intimate; Partner; Violence; Children; Human

A recent EU-wide report by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights found that 22 percent of women had experienced Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in their lifetime, and wide-cited estimates by the WHO suggest that the global incidence is significantly higher. The scale and impact of IPV, have attracted the attention from multiple academic disciplines that -- from different angles -- are trying to provide accurate evidence on this important and devastating phenomenon. Besides the indubitable and widely documented adverse impact of IPV on women's physical and mental health, children exposed to IPV are also increasingly recognized as victims in their own right. The harm to children exposed to IPV may be both direct through the witnessing of abuse, or indirect by affecting the mother-child interactions. Growing up in a family where the mother is abused by her partner might represent a grave shock for the child, potentially hindering the development of their human capital.This project will provide evidence on the impact of children's exposure to IPV on their cognitive and socio-emotional development between birth and age seven, and on the role of mother's responses to abuse. To this purpose, this project will implement and further develop a methodology recently introduced in economics to study the technology of human capital formation. The focus will be on the dynamics of the accumulation of skills, studying how skills co-evolve, and the role of mother-child interactions in this process. Most importantly, in relation to this highly successful recent literature, we will incorporate, for the first, time IPV as a negative input. The strength of this method will be fully exploited by using an exceptionally rich source of data -internationally unique in containing all the necessary information for this analysis of a large representative population. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a UK cohort study that includes (i) annual indicators of the incidence of IPV; (ii) high-frequency and reliable measures of children's cognitive and socio-emotional skills; (iii) extremely detailed set of information on mother-child interactions as well as mother's mental health. Specifically, the project will address three research questions that will further the understanding of how children's development is hampered by exposure to IPV. First, how large are the direct effects of children's exposure to IPV on their development of cognitive and socio-emotional skills? This in effects casts exposure to IPV as a form of harmful maltreatment. Second, what are the indirect effects generated by change in mother-child interactions as a response to IPV? Such interactions can potentially amplify or compensate for the negative impact of IPV on children witnessing IPV. Third, what interactions between skills, and between skills and mother-child interactions, shape the dynamic effects of IPV on children's development of socioemotional and cognitive skills over their early life years? Such interactions are crucial for suggesting the optimal nature and timing of policy interventions.The current project will hence contribute to a highly influential and rapidly growing economic literature studying the importance of early childhood conditions for development and will allow new important insights to be gained by fully exploiting the richness of an existing unique data resource. In developing this analysis, our project will draw on, and contribute, to a research that spans multiple disciplines including sociology, psychology, pediatrics and criminology. The findings of this project respond to the need of thoroughly documenting and further studying the damaging effect of IPV within the family with the purpose of suggesting effective policy recommendations to alleviate its effect.

欧盟基本权利机构最近在欧盟范围内的一份报告发现，22%的妇女在一生中经历过亲密伴侣暴力（IPV），世界卫生组织广泛引用的估计表明，全球发病率要高得多。IPV的规模和影响吸引了多个学科的关注，这些学科从不同的角度试图为这一重要和破坏性的现象提供准确的证据。除了IPV对妇女身心健康的不利影响无可争议和广泛记录之外，暴露于IPV的儿童也越来越被认为是其本身的受害者。IPV对儿童的伤害既可能是直接的，通过目睹虐待，也可能是间接的，通过影响母婴互动。在一个母亲受到伴侣虐待的家庭中长大的孩子可能会受到严重的打击，可能会阻碍他们的人力资本的发展。本项目将提供证据，说明儿童在出生到7岁之间接触IPV对他们的认知和社会情感发展的影响，以及母亲对虐待的反应。为此，本项目将实施并进一步发展最近在经济学中引入的研究人力资本形成技术的方法。重点将放在技能积累的动态，研究技能如何共同发展，以及母子互动在这一过程中的作用。最重要的是，在这方面非常成功的最近的文献，我们将纳入，第一次，IPV作为一个负输入。这一方法的优势将通过使用极其丰富的数据来源得到充分利用-国际上独一无二的数据来源包含了对大量代表性人口进行分析所需的所有必要信息。雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究是一项联合王国的队列研究，包括：（一）IPV发生率的年度指标;（二）儿童认知和社会情感技能的高频和可靠测量;（三）关于母子互动以及母亲心理健康的极其详细的信息。具体而言，该项目将解决三个研究问题，这将进一步了解儿童的发展是如何受到IPV的影响。首先，儿童接触IPV对其认知和社会情感技能发展的直接影响有多大？这实际上使IPV成为一种有害的虐待形式。第二，作为对IPV的反应，母婴互动的变化产生了哪些间接影响？这种相互作用可能会放大或补偿IPV对目睹IPV的儿童的负面影响。第三，什么样的技能之间的相互作用，以及技能和母子之间的互动，塑造IPV对儿童的社会情感和认知技能的发展在他们的生命早期的动态影响？这种相互作用对于提出政策干预的最佳性质和时机至关重要，因此，目前的项目将有助于形成一个具有高度影响力和迅速增长的经济文献，研究幼儿期条件对发展的重要性，并将通过充分利用现有的丰富的独特数据资源获得新的重要见解。在开发这种分析，我们的项目将借鉴，并有助于跨多个学科的研究，包括社会学，心理学，儿科学和犯罪学。该项目的研究结果回应了彻底记录和进一步研究家庭内IPV的破坏性影响的需要，目的是提出有效的政策建议，以减轻其影响。