NEURAL CODING OF VISUAL STIMULI IN THE AWAKE MONKEY

为了研究视觉感知的机制，我们记录了 神经节细胞纤维的活动，这些纤维传递视觉 从视网膜到大脑的信息，并将其与 延髓外侧膝状核和外侧膝状体单个神经元的记录 初级视觉皮质，视觉的前两个视网膜外阶段 处理，和下颞叶皮质，最后的视觉 大脑皮层的处理站。三套神经元组 所有的录音都显示出不同的时间反应模式 不同的视觉刺激模式。当分析神经元时 作为携带关于视觉的信息的通信通道 在他们的反应中，看到的反应模式只能 被表示为几个(3-6)同时的和， 独立的活动模式。其中三项活动 模式被分析为时间代码，并找到了该代码 要包含的信息量是 反应强度，通常衡量神经元反应的指标。 然而，神经节细胞纤维携带着同样多的 信息就像后续阶段的神经元一样，实质上 时间调制码中的信息比时间调制码中的 响应强度代码。因此，时间调制携带一个 更大比例的外部视觉信息 视网膜。传统上，人们一直认为信息 关于多个刺激参数，例如亮度、图案 以及呈现的持续时间，必须在神经元中混淆 回应。然而，基于此多路复用过滤器假设， 初级视皮层神经元反应的新分析 导致我们发现关于每一种生物的信息 参数在响应中单独携带。一个几何图形 对数据的分析显示了一种神经的潜在结构 密码。当使用三维空间来表示 反应，对单一模式的反应似乎存在于 无论亮度或持续时间如何，使用平面的单个平面 因为不同的图案经常是可分离的。方程式 对于这些平面描述了一个神经代码。

To study the mechanisms underlying visual perception we recorded the activity of ganglion cell fibers, the fibers that send visual information from the retina to the brain, and compared it with the recordings of single neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus and primary visual cortex, the first two extraretinal stages of visual processing, and inferior temporal cortex, the last visual processing station in the cortex. The three sets of neuronal recordings all showed different temporal response patterns to different visual stimulus patterns. When neurons were analyzed as communication channels carrying information about visual stimuli in their responses, the response patterns seen could only be represented as the sum of several (3-6) simultaneous, independent patterns of activity. Three of these activity patterns were analyzed as a temporal code, and this code was found to contain twice as much information as that conveyed by the response strength, the usual measure of neuronal response. However, the ganglion cells fibers, which carry as much information as the neurons in subsequent stages, have substantially less information in the temporal modulation code than in the response strength code. Thus, temporal modulation carries a significantly greater proportion of visual information outside of the retina. Traditionally, it has been thought that information about multiple stimulus parameters, such as luminance, pattern, and duration of presentation, must be confounded in the neuronal responses. However, based on this multiplex-filter hypothesis, a new analysis of the neuronal responses of primary visual cortex led to the discovery that information about each of these parameters is carried separately in the response. A geometrical analysis of the data shows a potential structure for a neural code. When a 3-dimensional space is used to represent the responses, the responses to a single pattern appear to lie in a single plane regardless of luminance or duration, with the planes for different patterns frequently being separable. The equations for these planes describe a neural code.