Improving communication between autistic and non-autistic individuals

改善自闭症患者和非自闭症患者之间的沟通

• 批准号: ES/W005697/1
• 负责人: Gemma Williams
• 金额: $ 10.92万
• 依托单位: University of Brighton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FW005697%2F1
• 关键词: Improving; communication; between; autistic; non

Autistic people often experience difficulties with social communication. It is so common, in fact, that is it one of the central criteria for an autism diagnosis (see: DSM-5 criteria, APA, 2013). Social communication difficulties impact all areas of life and can contribute to things such as poor mental health outcomes and reduced opportunities for fulfilling social interactions as well as barriers to health and social care, education and employment.For a long time, researchers have thought that these difficulties are due to autistic cognitive and social 'deficits'. When autism is seen as a disorder in this way, autistic people are thought of as not being able to communicate 'normally'. However, autism is now increasingly also thought of as a form of "neurodivergence" i.e. one particular way of being that is 'different, not less' to the majority (Fletcher-Watson and Happé, 2019: 23).Because issues around autistic communication are so important, they were identified as a top priority for autism research by stakeholders in the most recent independent priority-setting report (James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership, in Cusack and Sterry, 2016: 6). Despite this, however, they remain 'relatively little studied' (Happé and Frith, 2020: 12).This fellowship will widely share and build on the findings of my PhD research, which applied a fresh, emancipatory perspective to a cognitive linguistic study of autistic social communication. A theory called the double empathy problem (Milton, 2012) argues that non-autistic people have just as much trouble understanding autistic people, and that problems of mutual understanding between autistic and non-autistic speakers is best thought of as a two-way affair. My research takes the double empathy problem as its starting point and tries to provide an explanation, in technical cognitive linguistic terms using relevance theory (Sperber and Wilson 1986/1995), for why mutual understanding can sometimes break down.The proposed activities of the fellowship centre around three key outputs, each designed with accessibility and meaningful stakeholder engagement in mind. While the primary aim is to maximise impact of the research itself on social policy and engagement with a broader autdience, these activities will also facilitate and support my development as an Early Career Researcher and prepare me for a successful academic career in Social Policy-oriented research.Planned activities:1) To establish and work in partnership with a stakeholder Advisory Group to coproduce a set of recommendations or guidance notes around best practice for communication between autistic and non-autistic speakers, specifically in health and social care settings. We will collectively consider an output strategy for our findings, so that they have the greatest chance possible of being embedded within the UK's forthcoming National Strategy for Disabled People.2) To write and publish a public science-style monograph, written for a general readership, that presents the novel theoretical contributions from my PhD research. The publication and dissemination of this research will increase the visibility of my research profile while maximising the impact of this vital work on autistic verbal communication on social policy.3) To work coproductively with a local community organisation, Figment Arts, to create a series of short, animated 'explainer' videos, presenting the empirical findings of my research in an engaging and accessible way. Figment Arts will support a small group of local autistic artists to learn animation skills and to illustrate, plan and make the videos. These will be designed to be shared widely online, via social media, and will also be posted to the dedicated project webpage, hosted on the established Boingboing website.

自闭症患者经常在社交方面遇到困难。它是如此普遍，事实上，它是自闭症诊断的核心标准之一（见：DSM-5标准，阿帕，2013）。社会沟通困难影响生活的各个领域，并可能导致心理健康状况不佳，减少实现社会互动的机会，以及健康和社会护理，教育和就业的障碍。长期以来，研究人员认为这些困难是由于自闭症认知和社会'缺陷'。当自闭症被视为一种障碍，以这种方式，自闭症患者被认为是无法沟通的“正常”。然而，自闭症现在也越来越多地被认为是一种“神经分歧”，即一种对大多数人来说“不同，而不是更少”的特殊存在方式。（Fletcher-Watson和Happé，2019年：23）.因为自闭症沟通问题非常重要，在最近的独立优先级设定报告中，（James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership，in Cusack and Sterry，2016：6）。尽管如此，他们仍然“相对较少研究”（Happé and Frith，2020：12）。这个奖学金将广泛分享并建立在我的博士研究成果之上，该研究将一个新鲜的，解放的视角应用于自闭症社交的认知语言学研究。一个名为双重同理心问题（米尔顿，2012）的理论认为，非自闭症患者在理解自闭症患者方面也有同样的困难，自闭症患者和非自闭症患者之间的相互理解问题最好被认为是双向的。我的研究以双重移情问题为出发点，并试图提供一个解释，在技术认知语言学术语使用关联理论（Sperber和Wilson 1986/1995），为什么相互理解有时会打破。奖学金的拟议活动围绕三个关键产出，每一个设计的可访问性和有意义的利益相关者参与的想法。虽然主要目的是最大限度地提高研究本身对社会政策的影响，并与更广泛的auddience接触，这些活动也将促进和支持我作为一个早期职业研究员的发展，并为我在社会政策导向的研究中取得成功的学术生涯做好准备。1）建立一个利益相关者咨询小组，并与之合作，共同制定一套关于自闭症和非自闭症演讲者之间沟通的最佳实践的建议或指导说明，特别是在卫生和社会保健环境中。我们将共同考虑我们的研究结果的输出策略，使他们有最大的机会被嵌入到英国即将推出的残疾人国家战略中。2）撰写并出版一本公共科学风格的专着，为普通读者撰写，介绍了我的博士研究的新颖理论贡献。这项研究的出版和传播将增加我的研究概况的知名度，同时最大限度地发挥这项重要工作对自闭症言语交流对社会政策的影响。3）与当地社区组织Figment Arts合作，创作一系列简短的动画“解释者”视频，以一种引人入胜和易于理解的方式呈现我的研究的实证结果。“人物艺术”将资助一小群本地自闭症艺术家学习动画制作技巧，并为这些视频进行插图、策划和制作。这些将被设计为通过社交媒体在网上广泛分享，也将被张贴到专门的项目网页，托管在既定的Boingboing网站上。

项目成果

"I'm trying to reach out, I'm trying to find my people" - A mixed-methods investigation of loneliness and loneliness distress in autistic adults

“我试图伸出援手，我试图找到我的人”——对自闭症成人孤独感和孤独苦恼的混合方法调查

• DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/7ckeq
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Quadt L

Improving the Sensory Environments of Mental Health in-patient Facilities for Autistic Children and Young People

改善自闭症儿童和青少年心理健康住院设施的感官环境

• DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2022.2126437
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Child Care in Practice
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Williams G