Conservation in tropical forests: too fast, too furious? Improving legacy, collaboration, and ethical local participation in parrot species monitoring

热带森林保护：太快、太猛烈？

基本信息

批准号：
ES/W005778/1
负责人：
Lydia Gibson
金额：
$ 13.15万
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FW005778%2F1
关键词：
Conservation tropical forests too fast

项目摘要

Cockpit Country is a dense, hilly rainforest in the uplands of west-central Jamaica. So inaccessible is its terrain that for centuries it protected the Maroons from (re)capture by the British during the Transatlantic slave trade. The "green armour" also protects the many rare bird, amphibian, and bat species native to Jamaica, many of which can only be found in Cockpit Country. The inaccessibility has heavily impacted the emergence of forest conservation in Jamaica. Large swathes of the forest remain uncharted; satellite imagery is made redundant by the heavy blanket of canopy cover. The dense, uneven, unnavigable terrain also renders useless other technologies upon which modern conservation relies. There is little flight path available for drones, there is no internet available for remote uploads, GPS trackers are difficult to install because nests and breeding grounds are largely unknown and often abandoned between - even during - breeding seasons, and camera traps yield little because the species are small and/or poorly detectable. The few Western researchers drawn to the region in search of rare birds or frogs typically undertake standalone projects that are necessarily manual and, consequently, difficult; many declare species as threatened and do not return. Such research makes no use of local knowledge held by clandestine traditional villages, whose expertise provides critical clues for the distribution of these species across an otherwise impenetrable landscape. It also omits prior investigations undertaken by local NGOs, able to make available a patchwork of clues indicating population trends, emerging threats, and environmental shifts. It also does not involve the state departments who inherit the task of synthesising these global assessments and calls for increased species protection into national policy, for which they are underfunded and because of which they are untrusted. My doctoral research reframed traditional knowledge - now sought-after in mainstream conservation - not as widespread or communal, but as the result of exclusive, hierarchical, gendered activities. The very actions that soil clothes, muddy boots, and harden hands also create cultural divisions. Males from wealthier or larger households, with greater accumulated resources, have little responsibility within household division of labour, affording them the time and means to engage in traditional practices; those from smaller/poorer households reliant on wage labour are less able to access cultural activities. Ironically, the community participation often demanded by funding bodies, further verticalizes communities, as traditional practitioners become local experts, research assistants, and project consultants, while conservation outcomes restrict unsanctioned access by everyone else. The aims of this fellowship are threefold. The first is to disseminate the findings of my PhD across academic circles, where there is a growing consensus on the importance of local participation in conservation research, with scant attention paid to its social, political, and economic consequences. This includes the proposal of a monograph that details the precarious and fragile traditions maintained by fewer than 1% of the population of the last remaining Maroon village in the entire Cockpit Country forest - a region encompassing more than 10% of Jamaica's landmass and supporting over 90% of its endemic terrestrial species. The second is to continue to provide open-access data (maps, environmental data, species population data) and documentation of traditional knowledge (using blogs, photographs, video) on a dedicated website co-produced with the Maroon community (www.countermappingcockpit.com). The third is to research different (low and high tech) methodologies that enable greater, more ethical participation by stakeholder groups into the monitoring of the now-Endangered black-billed parrot and operationalise findings across conservation networks.

驾驶舱国家是牙买加中西部高地的茂密而丘陵的雨林。因此，它的地形几个世纪以来，它的地形无法访问，它保护了栗色免受跨大西洋奴隶贸易期间英国人的捕获。 “绿色装甲”还保护了牙买加本地的许多稀有鸟，两栖动物和蝙蝠物种，其中许多只能在驾驶舱国家找到。无法获得的性能严重影响了牙买加森林保护的出现。大片森林仍然没有教秘处。卫星图像是由厚厚的树冠盖制成的。密集，不均匀，不可挖掘的地形也使现代保护依赖的其他技术无用。无人机几乎没有飞行路径，没有用于远程上载的互联网，GPS跟踪器很难安装，因为巢和繁殖地面在很大程度上是未知的，并且在繁殖季节之间经常被放弃，而且相机陷阱几乎没有产生，因为该物种很小，而且无法检测到不良。少数西方研究人员吸引了寻找稀有鸟类或青蛙的地区，通常从事独立的项目，这些项目必然是手动的，因此很难。许多人将物种宣布为受到威胁，不会返回。这样的研究不使用秘密传统村庄所拥有的当地知识，其专业知识为这些物种在原本无法穿透的景观中分布提供了关键的线索。它还忽略了当地非政府组织正在进行的先前调查，能够提供一个线索的拼布，指示人口趋势，新兴威胁和环境转变。它还不涉及继承综合这些全球评估的任务的州部门，并要求将物种保护增加到国家政策中，而这些政策资金不足，并且由于他们不受信任。我的博士研究改造了传统知识 - 现在在主流保护中寻求的 - 不是那么广泛或公共的知识，而是由于独家，等级，性别的活动而导致的。土壤衣服，泥泞的靴子和硬手的动作也创造了文化分歧。来自富裕或大型家庭的男性，拥有更多的积累资源，在家庭劳动分工中几乎没有责任，为他们提供了从事传统实践的时间和手段；那些依靠工资劳动的较小/贫穷家庭的人无法获得文化活动。具有讽刺意味的是，随着传统从业人员成为当地专家，研究助理和项目顾问，社区经常通过资助机构的参与，进一步垂直使社区进行了垂直，同时保护成果限制了其他所有人的未经批准的访问权限。该团契的目的是三倍。首先是在学术界传播我的博士学位的结果，在学术界，人们对当地参与保护研究的重要性越来越共识，对其社会，政治和经济后果的关注很少。这包括一本专着的提议，该专着详细介绍了整个驾驶舱乡村森林中最后一个剩余的栗色村庄的不到1％的人口的危险和脆弱的传统，该地区涵盖了牙买加陆地的10％以上，并支持90％以上的最终陆地物种。第二个是在与栗色社区共同生产的专用网站上，继续提供开放访问数据（地图，环境数据，物种人群数据）和传统知识的文档（使用博客，照片，视频，视频）（www.countermpappingcockpit.com）。第三个是研究不同的（低技术和高科技）方法，这些方法可以使利益相关者群体能够进行更大，更道德的参与，以监测对现在的黑嘴鹦鹉的监测，并在保护网络跨保护网络中运行发现。