CHRISTIANITY, STIGMA, AND MASS CONVERSION AMONG SPANISH GITANOS

半个多世纪以来，五旬节派和灵恩派运动改变了欧洲及其他地区罗姆少数民族的宗教格局。罗姆人的精神觉醒和对福音派五旬节派基督教的大规模皈依已被证明是重大社会变革的源泉。在西班牙尤其如此，西班牙的罗马福音派教会对吉塔诺人的社会和精神生活有着很大的影响（Cantón Delgado 2010; Gay y Blasco 1999; Griera 2013; Montañés jimamesnez 2016）。大多数西班牙吉普赛人（被称为吉塔诺人）的信徒都隶属于一个由吉塔诺人领导的自治教会：伊格莱西亚·伊万卡·菲拉德菲亚（IEF）。该项目旨在建立在一个多次获奖的民族志博士研究的基础上，该研究考察了IEF的出现，以及五旬节派基督教如何重塑了西班牙吉塔诺人的世界观、价值观和想象力。通过研究西班牙吉塔诺社区如何与五旬节派接触，我提供了一个镜头，通过它来理解当代西班牙宗教和种族的交织（Bruce 1996），并增强我们对非天主教形式的基督教在南欧社会少数群体中的影响的理解。在这里，该项目探讨了一些经典的人类学主题（宗教、组织、公民身份），以及关于罗姆人在欧洲社会持续被排斥的政治辩论。我的研究为社会科学探究的几个领域做出了贡献，特别是宗教社会学、基督教人类学和罗姆人研究。我的奖学金的主办部门是英国著名的人类学研究机构圣安德鲁斯大学的社会人类学系。我的奖学金将与少数民族研究中心（CMR）挂钩。CMR是英国第一个也是唯一一个专门研究少数民族的学术中心，它与欧洲其他专门研究这一主题的主要研究中心有着密切的联系。该项目旨在广泛传播研究结果，并在我的专业领域产生有价值的影响。它将为学术观众提供高质量的工作，以扩大罗马五旬节派的奖学金。该项目将探索居住在当代社会郊区的社会少数群体如何参与新教基督教的新形式，并期待推进有关宗教在世俗和政治秩序中的作用的对话。它还将有助于就宗教在促进多样化和多元文化社会的社会凝聚力方面的作用展开新的辩论。作为该项目的一项重要成果，我将与高级学者建立一个国际研讨会，讨论现代资本主义社会中少数民族在流行病时期所遭受的耻辱、隔离经历和社会斗争。在未来，候选人的目标是出版一个编辑卷/特刊收集在研讨会上提出的论文。此外，我将在圣安德鲁斯大学少数民族研究中心的框架内组织公共活动，将专家、社会和宗教领袖聚集在一起，就政治和宗教排斥少数民族问题进行进一步的辩论和联合倡议。该项目将在2021/2022学年参加由美国人类学协会和欧洲社会人类学家协会组织的两个主要国际会议，从而获得知名度。该项目将通过在圣安德鲁斯大学主持关于罗姆人社区和五旬节派的亚荣誉模块的部分，帮助我积累教学经验，并将有助于形成未来的博士后研究项目，研究大流行病时期宗教的表现以及大流行病对宗教表现的影响及其后续影响

For over half a century, Pentecostal and charismatic movements have transformed Roma ethnic minorities' religious landscape in Europe and beyond. Roma spiritual awakenings and mass conversion to Evangelical Pentecostal Christianity have proved to be sources of significant social change. This is particularly true in Spain, where Spanish Roma Evangelical churches hold great sway Gitanos'social and spiritual life (Cantón Delgado 2010; Gay y Blasco 1999; Griera 2013; Montañés Jiménez 2016). Most Spanish Roma -known as Gitanos - believers affiliate with an autonomous Gitano-led church: the Iglesia Evangélica de Filadelfia (IEF). The proposed project aims to build upon a multi-award-winning ethnographic PhD research that examined the IEF's emergence and how Pentecostal Christianity has reshaped worldviews, values, and imaginaries among Gitanos in Spain. By examining how Spanish Gitano communities engage with Pentecostalism, I provide a lens through which to comprehend the intertwining of religion and ethnicity (Bruce 1996) in contemporary Spain and enhance our understanding of the influence of non-Catholic forms of Christianity among social minorities in southern Europe. Here, the project explores some classic anthropological themes (religion, organisations, citizenship) as well as political debates about the persistence of Roma exclusion in European societies. My research contributes to several fields of social scientific inquiry, especially the Sociology of Religion, the Anthropology of Christianity, and Romani Studies.The host Department of my fellowship is the Department of Social Anthropology at the University of St. Andrews, a prestigious anthropological research unit in the UK. My fellowship will link to The Centre for Minorities Research (CMR). The CMR is the first and only academic hub in the UK to deal exclusively with minorities, and it is strongly connected to other major European research centres specialised in this theme. The project seeks to widely disseminate findings and make a valuable impact in my area of expertise. It will produce high-quality work for an academic audience to expand the scholarship on Roma Pentecostalism. The project will explore how social minorities inhabiting the outskirts of contemporary societies engage with novel forms of protestant Christianity and look to advance conversations regarding the role of religion in secular and political orders. It will also contribute to emerging debates regarding the role of religion in endergendering social cohesion within diverse and multicultural societies. As a critical outcome of the project, I will set up an international workshop with senior academics on the stigma, experiences of segregation and social struggles endured by ethnic minorities in modern capitalist societies during pandemic times. In the future, the candidate aim to publish an edited volume/special issue gathering the papers presented at the workshop. Additionally, I will organise public events within the framework of the Centre for Minorities research at The University of St. Andrews to bring together experts and social and religious leaders to further debates and joint initiatives regarding the political and religious exclusion of ethnic minorities. The project will gain visibility by participating in two major international conferences organised by the American Anthropological Association and the European Association of Social Anthropologists in the 2021/2022 academic year.The project will serve to build up my teaching experience by leading sections on Roma communities and Pentecostalism on subhonors modules at The University of St. Andrews and will enable the shaping of a future postdoctoral research project examining the performance of religion in pandemic times and the impact of the pandemic on the performance of religion and its after affects