Set in stone? 'Desired whiteness' and the urban space: A collaborative research in (post) colonial Chile.

长期以来，种族问题在拉丁美洲和其他地区的许多(后)殖民背景下都是沉默的，并没有在公共话语中确立，特别是在与“白人”这一隐含的社会规范有关的问题上。然而，正如新冠肺炎健康紧急事件和乔治·弗洛伊德被谋杀后的博洛姆抗议活动不幸强调的那样，不平等与种族主义进程密切相关，塑造了世界许多城市的社会生活。智利是思考这些问题的绝佳地点，因为最近对高度的社会经济不平等及其种族层面作出了强烈反应。2019年10月，这个国家受到政治动荡的影响，质疑在这个世界上最不平等的国家之一，为了理解不平等和特权，传统上强调阶级的做法。贫富之间的收入差距比经合组织的平均水平高出65%，私有化对社会保障、教育和基本服务产生了持久的影响，加剧了阶级不平等的种族主义层面，使土著人民和混血儿不成比例地位于较低的阶层。该项目与圣地亚哥的组织密切合作，旨在通过使用数字媒体进行基于实践的协作干预，使原本隐藏的种族主义过程变得可见。从圣地亚哥的历史研究和人种学田野调查阶段开始，将合作设计一款手机应用程序“MonuRama”。这款应用程序将在首都的特定地区实施数字互动城市旅游，通过这一旅游项目，“白色”的概念将被嵌入城市物质--殖民和后殖民纪念碑、雕像、地标和建筑--塑造城市的社会空间景观，并在种族间的摩擦中体现/挑战。圣地亚哥的城市景观将被视为实现智利民族所希望的白色的背景，并将从建筑、纪念碑和地标建筑中创建一个数字中介的互动空间。在种族同质性的国家意识形态的物质表现、土著和混杂的对立语，以及应用程序用户的反应和反应之间的交流中，将分析如何制定、体现和挑战“白人”的想法。手机应用程序‘MonuRama’将是开放访问的，将由专门的外部设计师设计，团队将从田野工作开始就与其保持联系。然后，这款应用程序将通过试验活动和公开辩论推出，并将与当地团队密切合作，对其使用情况进行监督。该项目旨在促进公众对种族主义进程的辩论，并通过邀请政策制定者通过该项目的合作伙伴网络传播活动，为制定反种族主义政策和城市治理议程做出贡献。将对种族不平等研究作出原创性贡献，并促进学术和非学术部门之间的重要知识交流，涉及社会科学和数字媒体制作。其主要影响将是制定一种可在不同情况下应用的跨学科和协作方法，以解决城市隔离和全球种族不平等问题；其主要产出包括在圣地亚哥合作开发的应用程序和相关的审判会议；一个项目网站；学术出版物和参加会议；在欧洲和拉丁美洲城市开展的四项知识交流活动。

Issues of race have long been silenced in many (post)colonial contexts in Latin America and beyond, and are not established in public discourse, especially in relation to the implicit social norm of 'whiteness'. Nevertheless, as sadly highlighted by the Covid-19 health emergency and by the BLM protests after the murder of George Floyd, inequalities are closely linked to racialisation processes, shaping social life in many cities across the world. Chile constitutes an excellent location for thinking about these issues, due to the recent strong reaction against high levels of socio-economic inequality and its racial dimensions. In October 2019, the country was shaken by political unrest, questioning the traditional emphasis on class for the understanding of inequality and privilege in one of the most unequal countries in the world. The income gap between rich and poor is 65% wider than the OECD average and privatisation has had lasting consequences for social security, education, and basic services, exacerbating the racialised dimensions of class inequality that locate indigenous people and mestizos disproportionately in the lower strata.Working in close collaboration with organisations in Santiago, the project aims to make visible the otherwise hidden processes of racialisation through practice-based collaborative interventions employing digital media. Moving from a historical research and ethnographic fieldwork phase in Santiago, a mobile phone app 'MonuRama' will be collaboratively designed. The app will implement a digital interactive city-tour in particular areas of the capital city, through which ideas of 'whiteness' will be addressed as embedded in urban materialities - colonial and postcolonial monuments, statues, landmarks and architectures - shaping the city's socio-spatial landscape, and being embodied/challenged in interracial frictions. Santiago's urban landscape will be addressed as a context where the 'desired whiteness' of the Chilean nation is materialised, and a digitally mediated space for interaction will be created moving from architecture, monuments, and landmarks. In the exchange between the material representation of the national ideology of racial homogeneity, indigenous and mestizo counternarratives, and the app users' responses and reactions, the ways in which ideas of 'whiteness' are enacted, embodied, and challenged will be analysed. The mobile phone app 'MonuRama' will be open access and will be designed by a dedicated external designer, with whom the team will be in contact from the beginning of the fieldwork. The app will then be launched through trial events and public debates, and will be monitored in its use in close collaboration with the local team. This aims at fostering public debate over racialisation processes and contributing to shaping anti-racism policies and city governance agendas by inviting policymakers to dissemination events through the project's partners networks.'Set in stone?' will provide an original contribution to studies of racial inequalities and generate important knowledge exchange between academic and non-academic sectors, involving the social sciences and digital media production. Its key impact will be the elaboration of an interdisciplinary and collaborative methodology that can be applied in different contexts to tackle urban segregation and global racial inequalities; its main outputs include a collaboratively developed app and related trial sessions in Santiago; a project website; academic publications and conference participation; four knowledge exchange activities in European and Latin American cities.