Children of the 1990s - extending understanding of social mobility in England and Wales

20 世纪 90 年代的儿童 - 扩展对英格兰和威尔士社会流动性的理解

• 批准号: ES/X012190/1
• 负责人: Emma Gorman
• 金额: $ 30.42万
• 依托单位: University of Westminster
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FX012190%2F1
• 关键词: Children; 1990s; extending; understanding; social

Is modern Britain an open and fair society? Have the life-chances of children born in the late 1990s improved or deteriorated compared to their predecessors? How do characteristics of local areas such as industrial composition, school quality, and social capital relate to the life-chances of residents? It is questions such as these that we are concerned with in this research project. We will use data from the recently completed 2021 census, linked to previous censuses back to 1971, in order to further our understanding of 'social mobility' - the study of how people's jobs and standards of living are shaped by the social and economic context of their upbringing. These are timely questions. Living standards in the United Kingdom have been declining, with stagnating productivity, declining real wages, and big increases in the cost of living. The question of how more recent generations are faring compared to their parents is therefore a very pertinent one. However, despite the frequency with which the topic is referred to by politicians and commentators, very little is actually known about the social mobility experiences of recent cohorts. This is primarily because the high-quality data that is required for the analysis of intergenerational social mobility has simply not been available until now. Filling this gap in the national evidence-base will be the key contribution of this research. Our findings will provide important new evidence on intergenerational social mobility in England and Wales using a unique and newly available data source - the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study (ONS-LS) which links individuals across censuses between 1971 and 2021.The ONS-LS has several key benefits for studying social mobility, in particular its very large sample size, with over half a million people included at each successive decade. Its size and longevity will enable us to follow the lives of study members across successive generations from childhood to adulthood, comparing the occupations they end up in at different points in their lives to those of their parents' decades earlier. We will use the ONS-LS to calculate social mobility rates, for the first time, for children born in the 1990s and compare them to earlier cohorts, ranging from the late 1950s to the late 1980s. In addition to tracking individuals over time at the national level, we will also examine how social mobility chances have varied across regions and local authorities and how geographic differences in mobility chances are related to the characteristics of the areas people live in. We will work hard to ensure that our findings are used to inform local and national policies to improve life-chances and reduce inequalities.

现代英国是一个开放和公平的社会吗？与上世纪90年代末出生的孩子相比，他们的生存机会是提高了还是降低了？产业构成、学校质量、社会资本等地方特征与居民的生存机会有何关系？我们在这个研究项目中所关心的就是这些问题。我们将使用最近完成的2021年人口普查的数据，将其与1971年的人口普查联系起来，以进一步理解“社会流动性”——研究人们的工作和生活水平是如何受其成长环境的社会和经济背景影响的。这些都是很及时的问题。英国的生活水平一直在下降，生产力停滞不前，实际工资下降，生活成本大幅上升。因此，与他们的父母相比，最近几代人的生活状况如何是一个非常相关的问题。然而，尽管政治家和评论员经常提到这个话题，但人们对最近这群人的社会流动性经历知之甚少。这主要是因为直到现在还没有分析代际社会流动所需的高质量数据。填补国家证据基础的这一空白将是本研究的关键贡献。我们的研究结果将为英格兰和威尔士的代际社会流动提供重要的新证据，使用独特的新数据来源-国家统计纵向研究办公室（ONS-LS），该研究将1971年至2021年人口普查中的个人联系起来。美国国家统计局在研究社会流动性方面有几个关键的好处，尤其是它的样本量非常大，连续每十年都有超过50万人参加。它的大小和寿命将使我们能够跟踪研究对象从童年到成年的连续几代人的生活，比较他们在生命的不同阶段最终从事的职业与他们父母几十年前的职业。我们将首次使用美国国家统计局（ONS-LS）来计算90年代出生的孩子的社会流动性，并将他们与更早的同龄人（从20世纪50年代末到80年代末）进行比较。除了在国家层面上跟踪个人之外，我们还将研究不同地区和地方当局的社会流动机会是如何变化的，以及流动机会的地理差异如何与人们居住的地区的特征相关。我们将努力确保我们的研究结果被用于地方和国家政策，以改善生活机会和减少不平等。