Highlight SDAI: Successful Reintegration Trajectories of Ex-Combatants in Colombia

哥伦比亚政府与哥伦比亚革命武装力量（FARC）之间的2016年和平协议要求近14,000名FARC战斗人员集体复员和重返社会（“重新整合”）。哥伦比亚总统机构重新整合和标准化机构负责管理重新融入社会进程，并向前战斗人员提供咨询意见和支助。自2003年以来，ARN一直支持准军事人员重返社会，个别反叛战斗人员特别重返社会，以及集体遣散的哥伦比亚革命武装力量战斗人员重返社会。ARN的研究部门拥有关于这些重新融入社会和重新融入社会过程的大量数据，但迄今尚未对其进行充分分析。特别是，前哥伦比亚革命武装力量战斗人员的重组值得进一步审查。在ARN的研究人员和豪尔赫·塔迪奥·洛萨诺大学的学者的合作下，这项拟议的研究确定了更好地理解是什么构成了成功的重组轨迹，对比了前战斗人员的包容和边缘化。该项目将确定成功重返社会的个别社会经济决定因素，以及前哥伦比亚革命武装力量战斗人员所处的空间和体制背景。此外，重组过程包括为商业项目，即所谓的“生产性项目”提供种子资金。这项研究还旨在更好地理解为什么一些富有成效的项目成功了，而另一些却失败了。在这里，我们也将考虑个人和环境因素。除了国家统计局持有的数据外，哥伦比亚国家规划部、国防部、国家就业服务局、教育部、家庭保护研究所和人民宣传办公室（监察员办公室）持有有关的地区和市级数据。该研究项目旨在支持ARN与这些相关哥伦比亚机构之间的信息交流，并加强ARN内部利用空间和网络分析技术分析此类嵌套数据的能力。哥伦比亚政府最近宣布将于2022年11月重启和平谈判。这一背景为评估哥伦比亚革命武装力量战斗人员的重组经验提供了时机。哥伦比亚政府正开始与另一个卷入内战的游击队“民族解放军”（ejacricito de Liberación Nacional，简称ELN）进行谈判，该组织目前约有3000名成员。从以前的重新融入和重新融入过程中获得的见解和经验教训对于设计新的政策和方案以支持未来的重新融入过程是重要的。我们项目的发现将能够通过提供新的想法或改进现有的想法，为政府的重组过程提供信息。

The 2016 peace agreement between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) called for the collective demobilisation and reintegration ("reincorporation") of nearly 14,000 FARC combatants. The Colombian presidential agency, the Agency for Reincorporation and Standardization (ARN), has been responsible for administering the reintegration process and for giving advice and support to ex-combatants. Since 2003, the ARN has supported the reintegration of paramilitaries, special reintegration of individual rebel-combatants, and reincorporation of collectively demobilised FARC combatants. The research division of the ARN holds extensive data on these reintegration and reincorporation processes that so far have yet to be fully analysed. In particular, the reincorporation of former FARC combatants deserves further scrutiny. In collaboration with researchers at ARN and academics at Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, the proposed research has identified the need to better understand what constitutes a successful reincorporation trajectory contrasting inclusion and marginalisation of former combatants. The project will identify the individual socioeconomic determinants of successful reintegration as well as the spatial and institutional context in which former FARC combatants find themselves. Moreover, the reincorporation process includes the provision of seed funding for business projects, so-called "productive projects". The research also aims to better understand why some productive projects have been successful while others failed. Here too, we will consider individual and contextual factors. Apart from data held by the ARN, relevant regional and municipal-level data are held by the Colombian National Planning Department, the Ministry of Defence, National Service of Employment, Ministry of Education, the Institute for Family Protection, and the Office of People Advocacy (Ombudsman Office). The research project aims to support information exchange between ARN and these relevant Colombian institutions, as well as strengthen the capacity within the ARN to analyse such nested data using spatial and network analysis techniques. The Colombian government has recently announced the restart of peace talks in November 2022. This context offers a time opportunity to assess the reincorporation experience of FARC combatants. The Colombian government is starting negotiations with the National Liberation Army or Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN), another guerrilla group involved in the civil war, who currently have approximately 3,000 members. The insights and learned lessons from previous reintegration and reincorporation processes are important to design new policies and programmes to support future reincorporation processes. The findings from our project will be able to inform the government's reincorporation process by providing new ideas or refining existing ones.