HEAD INJURY CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER

头部损伤临床研究中心

• 批准号: 3099306
• 负责人: THOMAS W. LANGFITT
• 金额: $ 113.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1976
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1976-08-01 至 1991-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3099306
• 关键词: brain injury; head /neck injury

The principal objectives of this research are to determine the relative incidence and significance of mechanical and hypoxic brain damage in adults and children with severe head injuries and in a model of acceleration head injury in the rhesus monkey, using as criteria the neurological examination; measurements of intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow, and metabolism; averaged evoked potentials; and neuropathology. Since we believe that hypoxic and ischemic hypoxia are common complications of head injury, we are also investigating in animals the sequence of events that leads to hypoxic brain damage at critical levels of cerebral perfusion pressure and systemic oxygenation, based on two hypotheses: 1) brain damge is not dependent on a failure of high energy phosphate metabolism; and 2) the weak link in persistent or irreversible hypoxic damage of the cell is failure of restoration of ion balance across the cell membrane. In the human studies, advantage is taken of the availability of non-invasive methods for anatomic localization of the lesion (CT scan) and assessment of regional cerebral blood flow (Xe133 inhalation method). Both of these new techniques permit serial observations during the course of the illness and on follow-up, which can be correlaed with outcome. When employed in conjunction with measurements of cerebral metabolic rate and intracranial pressure during the acute phase, information about the effectiveness of various therapies (e.g., mannitol and hyperventilation) can be evaluated. Parallel pathophysiologic studies are being carried out on the monkey, in whom head injuries of graded severity can be produced and better defined, and where a variety of experimental therapies can be tested.

这项研究的主要目的是确定相对的 成人机械性和缺氧性脑损伤的发生率和意义 儿童重型颅脑损伤和加速性颅脑损伤模型 以神经学检查为标准的恒河猴.测量 关于颅内压、脑血流量和新陈代谢的；平均诱发的 潜力；和神经病理学。因为我们认为缺氧和缺血 缺氧是颅脑损伤的常见并发症，我们也在调查 动物在危重时导致缺氧性脑损伤的一系列事件 脑灌注压和全身氧合水平，基于两个 假设：1)大脑损伤不依赖于高能量的失效 磷酸盐代谢；2)持续性或不可逆性低氧的薄弱环节 细胞的损伤是细胞内离子平衡的恢复失败 薄膜。在人体研究中，利用了可获得的 病变解剖定位的非侵入性方法(CT扫描)和 局部脑血流量的评估(Xe133吸入法)。两个都是 这些新技术可以在疾病过程中进行连续观察。 以及后续行动，这可以与结果相关。受雇于 结合脑代谢率和颅内的测量 急性期加压期间，有关各种信息的有效性 可以评估治疗方法(如甘露醇和过度换气)。平行 目前正在对这只猴子进行病理生理学研究，在它的头部 可以产生并更好地定义分级严重性的伤害，并且在 各种实验性疗法都可以进行测试。