Maintaining Genome Stability: Genetic Recombination, DNA Repair and Chromosome Biology Initiated by DNA Misfolding

维持基因组稳定性：DNA错误折叠引发的基因重组、DNA修复和染色体生物学

• 批准号: G0901622-E01/1
• 负责人: David Leach
• 金额: $ 223.01万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=G0901622-E01%2F1
• 关键词: Maintaining; Genome; Stability; Genetic; Recombination

In every living cell, the genetic material (DNA) lies within the chromosomes. As cells divide, their chromosomes must be copied and correctly positioned in the two new daughter cells. Incorrect copying or positioning can result in genetic disease, aging or cancer. We plan to study how cells ensure that copying occurs correctly and is not impeded by DNA damage. To do this, we will purposefully break chromosomes using DNA palindromes or damage chromosomes using repetitive DNA and visualise repair under the microscope as well as at the level of the DNA molecule itself. We also plan to understand how the cell positions the two new chromosomes as the cell divides. For this purpose, we will need to identify components of the protein machinery that separates and positions chromosomes and will do so by isolating mutants with incorrectly positioned chromosomes.

在每个活细胞中，遗传物质（DNA）位于染色体内。当细胞分裂时，它们的染色体必须被复制并正确定位在两个新的子细胞中。不正确的复制或定位会导致遗传疾病、衰老或癌症。我们计划研究细胞如何确保复制正确发生，而不受DNA损伤的阻碍。为了做到这一点，我们将有目的地使用DNA回文来破坏染色体，或者使用重复DNA来破坏染色体，并在显微镜下以及在DNA分子本身的水平上可视化修复。我们还计划了解细胞分裂时细胞如何定位两条新染色体。为此，我们将需要确定分离和定位染色体的蛋白质机制的组成部分，并通过分离染色体定位不正确的突变体来实现这一目标。