UK-Africa network to improve the nutrition of infants and young children living in poverty (NINO LIP) in urbanising sub-Saharan African countries

英国-非洲网络旨在改善撒哈拉以南非洲城市化国家贫困婴幼儿的营养（NINO LIP）

• 批准号: MC_PC_MR/R019657/1
• 负责人: Paula Griffiths
• 金额: $ 22.49万
• 依托单位: Loughborough University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MC_PC_MR%2FR019657%2F1
• 关键词: UK; Africa; network; improve; nutrition

Globally, more than a quarter of children under the age of five years are stunted (undernourished). Stunted children experience lifelong problems with their health and are more likely to die early. The time at which an infant transitions from receiving only breastmilk to needing additional foods (complementary feeding) has been shown to be associated with increasing problems with stunting. Currently only 22% of Kenyan and 8% of Malawian children aged 6-23 months receive the minimum acceptable diet, down from 39% (Kenya) and 19% (Malawi) between 2008 and 2014. It is estimated that interventions which promote optimal infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices could prevent 20% of deaths in under-fives in countries with high levels of child deaths. Approximately one-third of urban residents in low and middle income countries live in slums, with an additional 100,000 moving in daily. Children living in slums are more likely to suffer from under-nutrition than other urban children. Nevertheless the literature tells us that there is a lack of evidence regarding nutrition interventions in slum environments, and almost no evidence regarding the potential for 'nutrition-sensitive' interventions that target the drivers of poor nutrition such as poverty, cultural and social practices, and poor physical environments. Successful design of these types of intervention requires a well-integrated interdisciplinary approach. In addition to nutrition expertise, contributions from other disciplines are needed to understand the cultural, social, physical and economic environments that influence IYCF practices. We therefore propose an interdisciplinary network with the aim to produce evidence to drive future research and inform policies to improve the nutritional status of IYC living in poverty in sub-Saharan African countries (SSA) experiencing rapid urbanisation. The network is led by Loughborough University with Kenyan partners at the African Population and Health Research Centre and Malawian partners at the University of Malawi and The Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources as well as UK partners at The Universities of Sheffield and Southampton. The specific network objectives will be to: 1) Prepare a rapid review of evidence documenting interventions for the urban poor to improve the nutrition of IYC in SSA; 2) Convene the first network workshop (to include stakeholders) to firstly guide analysis of existing data sources on this topic, to secondly consider the current evidence base and policies identified in the rapid review and finally to ask key stakeholders to identify highest-ranking evidence/research gaps for improving IYC feeding programmes and policies; 3) Undertake analyses of existing data from demographic and health surveys in sub-Saharan Africa and pre-existing data from slums in Nairobi to explore how the various drivers of IYCF practices are influenced by urbanisation and to consider whether those drivers vary for the urban poor compared to other urban populations; and finally 4) Facilitate end-of-project workshops to develop research proposals informed by evidence from the first three objectives and to present findings of the secondary analysis and discuss these with stakeholders (including Ministries of Health, NGOs, communities) and policy-makers. The network will also foster the development of skills in data analysis and evidence synthesis in early career researchers in the UK, Malawi and Kenya, thus helping to ensure a sustainable group with potential for evolving future leadership. In the longer term we will develop a UK-Africa interdisciplinary network with expertise to support interventions to promote optimal IYCF practices in rapidly urbanising environments. It is envisaged that such interventions will improve the human capital of developing countries by reducing under nutrition, thus promoting optimal cognitive and physical development, and thereby increasing prospects for economic prosperity.

在全球范围内，超过四分之一的五岁以下儿童发育不良（营养不良）。发育不良的儿童会经历终身的健康问题，更有可能早死。婴儿从只接受母乳过渡到需要额外食物（补充喂养）的时间已被证明与发育迟缓问题的增加有关。目前，只有22%的肯尼亚和8%的马拉维6-23个月的儿童获得最低可接受饮食，低于2008年至2014年期间的39%（肯尼亚）和19%（马拉维）。据估计，在儿童死亡率高的国家，促进最佳婴幼儿喂养做法的干预措施可以防止20%的五岁以下儿童死亡。在低收入和中等收入国家，大约三分之一的城市居民生活在贫民窟，每天还有10万人迁入。生活在贫民窟的儿童比其他城市儿童更有可能营养不良。然而，文献告诉我们，缺乏关于贫民窟环境中营养干预措施的证据，几乎没有证据表明针对贫困、文化和社会习俗以及恶劣的物质环境等营养不良驱动因素的“营养敏感”干预措施的潜力。成功地设计这些类型的干预措施需要一个良好的综合跨学科的方法。除了营养方面的专业知识，还需要其他学科的贡献，以了解影响国际青年林业年做法的文化、社会、物质和经济环境。因此，我们建议建立一个跨学科网络，旨在提供证据，推动未来的研究，并为政策提供信息，以改善撒哈拉以南非洲国家（SSA）经历快速城市化的贫困IYC的营养状况。该网络由拉夫堡大学牵头，非洲人口与健康研究中心的肯尼亚合作伙伴、马拉维大学和利隆圭农业与自然资源大学的马拉维合作伙伴以及谢菲尔德大学和南安普顿大学的联合王国合作伙伴也参与其中。具体的网络目标将是：1）准备对记录为改善撒南非洲国际青年年营养状况而对城市贫民采取的干预措施的证据进行快速审查; 2）召开第一次网络研讨会（包括利益攸关方）首先指导对有关这一专题的现有数据来源的分析，其次考虑快速审查中确定的现有证据基础和政策，最后要求关键利益攸关方确定最高级别的证据/（3）对撒哈拉以南非洲人口和健康调查的现有数据以及内罗毕贫民窟的现有数据进行分析，以探讨城市化如何影响国际家庭年做法的各种驱动因素，并考虑这些驱动因素对城市穷人和其他城市人口是否有所不同;最后4）促进项目结束讲习班，以根据前三个目标的证据制定研究建议，并提出次级分析的结果，与利益攸关方（包括卫生部、非政府组织、社区）和决策者讨论这些结果。该网络还将促进英国，马拉维和肯尼亚早期职业研究人员在数据分析和证据综合方面的技能发展，从而有助于确保一个具有发展未来领导潜力的可持续小组。从长远来看，我们将建立一个具有专门知识的英国-非洲跨学科网络，以支持在快速城市化的环境中促进最佳IYCF做法的干预措施。据设想，这种干预措施将通过减少营养不良现象来改善发展中国家的人力资本，从而促进最佳的认知和身体发育，从而增加经济繁荣的前景。

项目成果

Improving nutritional status among urban poor children in sub-Saharan Africa: An evidence-informed Delphi-based consultation.

• DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13099
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Maternal & child nutrition
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Mutisya M;Markey O;Rousham EK;Chintsanya JMN;Pradeilles R;Kimani-Murage EW;Madise NJ;Munthali AC;Kalimbira A;Holdsworth M;Griffiths PL;Haycraft E
• 通讯作者: Haycraft E