BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC APPROACHES TO UNCONVENTIONAL MYOSINS

肌球蛋白一词现在用来指一个多样化的肌球蛋白超家族， 分子马达，能够移位肌动蛋白丝或 沿着沿着固定的肌动蛋白丝转运其他货物。 该超家族 目前至少有11个不同的类， 序列同源性 已纯化的所有类型的肌球蛋白都是 多聚体，具有三个主要的功能域，头，颈， 还有尾巴 头部似乎在很大程度上被保存在 家庭的不同子群体。 它包含了基本的结构 这些元件是肌动蛋白和核苷酸结合位点。 的 颈部由稳定的长的单α-螺旋链组成 通过结合轻链亚基或钙调蛋白。 尾部或 锚结构域是其一级序列和结构最多样化的 它的功能是小说中最大的猜测 肌球蛋白的种类 我们对其中两种肌球蛋白特别感兴趣：肌球蛋白V， 已被证明存在于哺乳动物和酵母中， 在膜运输或靶向和肌球蛋白X，最近克隆的 肌球蛋白的特性和功能未知。 我们正试图 从鸡脑中纯化肌球蛋白V并克隆其和肌球蛋白X 黑腹果蝇

The term myosin is now used to refer to a diverse superfamily of molecular motors, capable either of translocating actin filaments or of translocating other cargo along fixed actin filaments. This superfamily is currently represented by at least 11 distinct classes based on sequence homology. All types of myosins that have been purified are multimeric and possess three major functional domains, a head, a neck and a tail. The head appears to be largely conserved among the different subgroups of the family. It contains the basic structural elements which are the actin- and the nucleotide-binding sites. The neck consists of a long single alpha-helical strand which is stabilized by the binding of light chain subunits or calmodulin. The tail, or anchor domain, is the most diverse in its primary sequence and structure and its function is subject to the greatest speculation in the novel classes of myosin. We are particularly interested in two of these myosins: myosin V which has been shown to be present in mammals and yeast and may be implicated in membrane trafficking or targeting and myosin X, a recently cloned myosin of unknown characteristics and function. We are attempting to purify the myosin V from chicken brains and clone it and the myosin X from Drosophila melanogaster.