REGURGITATION & REPEAT INGESTION IN CAPTIVE CHIMPANZEES

SPID编号：64 反流和再摄取（R/R）的异常行为模式 在黑猩猩中知之甚少。 本研究 评估了13只成对生活在室内的黑猩猩的R/R， 三重奏。 局部动物采样数据用于计算R/R评分， 另外两类异常行为（口腔异常行为） 组成部分和那些没有口头组成部分），和附属社会 行为 在85%的研究受试者中观察到R/R， 与先前公布的圈养 黑猩猩种群 R/R的上下文和时间模式表明 这种行为的检测在许多情况下可能需要观察 在日常管理之外。 社会动荡并没有引起 这种行为。 统计检验显示， R/R率和其他异常行为率的个体差异 班级、参与亲和行为的时间、笼舍数量，或 住房史;也未发现性别差异。 膳食组成为 没有发现影响R/R的时间。 统计测试显示 R/R比率与经过时间之间存在强正相关关系 自从喂食。 这些结果表明，增加进餐频率或 提供持续可用的可食用材料可以证明更广泛地 比改变膳食组成更有效。 R/R的时间分布 与异常行为的差异，表明这些因素， 因为无聊、饥饿或其他压力来源可能会不同程度地影响 各种异常行为的表现。

SPID#: 64 The abnormal behavioral pattern of regurgitation and reingestion (R/R) is poorly understood in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). This study assesses R/R in thirteen indoor-housed chimpanzees living in pairs and trios. Focal animal sampling data were used to calculate scores for R/R, two other classes of abnormal behavior (abnormal behaviors with oral components and those without oral components), and affiliative social behavior. R/R was observed in 85% of study subjects, an elevated proportion in comparison to a previously published survey of captive chimpanzee populations. Contexts and temporal patterns of R/R suggest that detection of this behavior may in many cases require observations outside of daily management routines. Social disturbances did not elicit this behavior. Statistical tests showed no relationship between individual differences in R/R rates and rates of other abnormal behavior classes, time engaged in affiliative behaviors, number of cagemates, or housing history; nor were sex differences detected. Meal composition was not found to effect the time devoted to R/R. Statistical tests did show a strong positive relationship between rates of R/R and elapsed time since feeding. These results suggest that increasing meal frequency or providing consistently available edible material may prove more broadly effective than altering meal composition. Temporal distributions of R/R differed from those of abnormal behaviors, suggesting that factors such as boredom, hunger, or other sources of stress may differentially affect the expression of various classes of abnormal behavior.