PARALLEL INFORMATION PROCESSING OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM

视觉系统的并行信息处理

• 批准号: 2752311
• 负责人: Peter H Schiller
• 金额: $ 31.46万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-05-01 至 2003-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2752311
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; behavior test; binocular vision; color visions; computer graphics /printing; electroretinography; eye movements; form /pattern perception; microelectrodes; motion perception; neural information processing; neurons; neurophysiology; psychophysics; single cell analysis; vision; visual cortex; visual depth perception; visual feedback; visual pathways; visual perception; visual photosensitivity; visual stimulus

The focus of our research for the next five years will be to determine the functions of extrastriate visual cortical areas and how the neurons therein perform coding operations. Our ongoing work on rhesus monkeys suggests that extrastriate cortical areas did not evolve, as had been previously suggested, to separately analyze different basic aspects of vision such as color, depth, motion, form, and texture. Instead, many more extrastriate areas engage in higher-level analyses than had been thought. These areas co-process several visual attributes and have, in part, evolved to facilitate object recognition in three dimensional space and to recognize objects when they are partially occluded or are seen from different perspectives under various conditions of illumination. The ability to learn and store visual objects in memory is an essential part of this process. To test these hypotheses we plan to apply three kinds of experimental procedures in our research: (1) recordings with single and multiple electrodes to assess the response properties of neurons in extrastriate areas using three dimensional stimuli that are transformed in various ways, (2) chronic recordings with implanted electrode arrays to determine how the response properties of cells are altered during the process of learning new visual objects, and (3) assessment of the visual capacities of animals on a broad range of tests after the removal of selected extrastriate cortical areas. The proposed work has important clinical relevance as it will serve characterize the functions of various visual cortical areas.

我们未来五年的研究重点将是确定层外视觉皮质区的功能以及其中的神经元如何进行编码操作。我们正在对恒河猴进行的研究表明，外皮层区域并没有像之前提出的那样，进化到能够单独分析视觉的不同基本方面，如颜色、深度、运动、形状和纹理。相反，更多的域外区域参与了比想象的更高层次的分析。这些区域共同处理几种视觉属性，并在一定程度上进化以促进三维空间中的物体识别，并在物体部分被遮挡或在不同光照条件下从不同角度看到时识别物体。学习和记忆视觉对象的能力是这一过程的重要组成部分。为了验证这些假设，我们计划在我们的研究中应用三种实验程序：(1)单电极和多电极记录，利用以不同方式转换的三维刺激来评估脑外皮层神经元的反应特性；(2)植入电极阵列的慢性记录，以确定细胞在学习新的视觉物体过程中的反应特性是如何改变的；(3)在去除选定的脑外皮层区域后，在广泛的测试中评估动物的视觉能力。提出的工作具有重要的临床意义，因为它将有助于表征各种视觉皮质区域的功能。