NIOSH SURVEILLANCE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

在美国，估计每天有16名工人被杀，3.6万名工人受伤。与这些伤害相关的经济和医疗成本相当于癌症和心脏病的总和。虽然有限，但现有数据表明，严重的与工作有关的创伤，包括创伤，在全国和明尼苏达州都是一个主要但在很大程度上尚未确定的问题。NIOSH特别要求制定和/或评估确定工作场所危险、暴露和风险因素的方法，以促进及早识别和预防工作场所疾病或伤害。缺乏现有数据表明，需要建立一个监测系统，对严重工伤有一套统一的定义，并建立监测系统，以便于了解严重工伤的规模、分布、病因、结果和趋势。因此，这项建议的具体目标是：(1)制定、测试和完善严重工作相关创伤的定义；(2)通过将现有的信息来源，如工人补偿数据、现有的明尼苏达州卫生部创伤登记和医院出院记录联系起来，确定建立严重工作相关创伤监测系统的可行性；(3)确定从不同报告来源汇编的数据中发现的报告偏差；以及(4)确定严重工作相关创伤的规模、分布、病因和结果。这些目标将通过建立多源监测系统来实现。这一系统的核心将由MDH创伤登记处和明尼苏达州劳工和工业部组成。MDH创伤登记处汇编了该地区创伤治疗中心内住院治疗的创伤案例报告。将与一个由医生和创伤中心代表组成的专家工作组共同制定严重创伤的定义。数据完整性和转诊模式将通过将MDH创伤登记处和劳工部的病例报告与从地区医院样本中收到的病例报告进行比较来评估。数据分析将包括三个部分：(1)描述性统计；(2)及时性；(3)按行业计算发病率。

Each day an estimated 16 workers are killed and 36,000 workers are injured in the United States. The economic and medical costs associated with these injuries are as much as cancer and heart disease combined. Although limited, existing data indicate that serious work-related traumatic injury, including trauma is a major yet largely undefined problem both nationally and within Minnesota. NIOSH has specifically requested proposals for the development and/or evaluation of methods to characterize workplace hazards, exposures, and risk factors to promote the early recognition and prevention of workplace illness or injury. The lack of available data point to the need to establish a surveillance system with a set of uniform definitions for serious work-related traumatic injury as well as establish surveillance systems to facilitate understanding the magnitude, distribution, etiology, outcome, and trends of serious work-related trauma. Accordingly, the specific aims of this proposal are to: (1) Develop, test, and refine a definition for serious work-related trauma; (2) Determine the feasibility of establishing a surveillance system for serious work-related trauma by linking existing sources of information, such as workers' compensation data, the existing Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) Trauma Registry, and hospital discharge records; (3) Determine the reporting biases found in data compiled from different reporting sources; and (4) Determine the magnitude, distribution, etiology, and outcome of serious work-related trauma. These aims will be accomplished by establishing a multi-source surveillance system. The core of this system will consist of the MDH Trauma Registry and the Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry. The MDH Trauma Registry compiles case reports on traumatic injury hospitalized within the region's trauma treatment centers. A definition for serious trauma will be developed in conjunction with an expert working group consisting of physicians and trauma center representatives. Data completeness and referral patterns will be evaluated by comparing MDH Trauma Registry and Department of Labor case reports with those received from a sample of regional hospitals. Data analysis will consist of three parts: (1) Descriptive statistics; (2) Timeliness; and (3) Computation of incidence rates by industry.