EFFECTS OF MIDLIFE CAREER CHANGE ON MENTAL HEALTH

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：中年时的职业变化 和超越是一个越来越普遍的现象，但很少有人知道如何 这种变化影响老年人的心理健康。尽管数量 调查同期职业状况和 工作条件对心理健康的影响，很少有研究试图将工作条件的变化与心理健康联系起来。 一个人的工作性质和职业轨迹的分离， 生命历程与心理健康 这项拟议中的研究将调查中年职业变化对两个人的影响。 心理健康的各个方面：心理健康和抑郁症。的 分析使用来自威斯康星州纵向研究的数据， 1957年毕业于威斯康星州高中的10,317名男女， 1964年、1975年和1992-93年再次接受采访。“转行”操作化 作为一个人的当前（或最近）雇主咒语的移动， 52-53，从一个人的前就业法术。目标不仅仅是评估 流动轨迹或工作中的微小变化对心理健康的影响 在生活过程中的责任，但要检查的情况下，工作生活采取了一个 中年的新方向 这项研究的中心主题是， 心理功能的影响可能取决于职业变化的类型， 以及这些变化发生的背景。职业生涯的四个维度 变化被认为是：（1）职业生涯的变化伴随着实质性的转变， 工作任务和需求的性质（例如，实质性的复杂性，操纵性的 技能要求）;（2）职业改变的原因（例如，自愿的， 不自主的，健康相关的）;（3）变化是否是横向的，向上移动的， 或向下移动的;以及（4）该变化是否涉及移动到或 从自营职业。分析还将探讨职业改变是否 对抑郁症的特定子维度（抑郁）有独特的影响， 情感，躯体抱怨，低积极情感，人际关系问题）和 心理健康（例如，个人成长和生活目的）。性别 将突出显示观察到的关系中的差异。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Career change at midlife and beyond is an increasingly common phenomenon, yet little is known about how such change affects the mental health of older adults. Despite the volume of research investigating the effects of contemporaneous occupational status and work conditions on mental health, few studies have attempted to link changes in the nature of one's work and disjunctures in occupational trajectories over the life course with mental health. The proposed research will examine the effects of midlife career change on two dimensions of mental health: psychological well-being and depression. The analysis uses data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, a sample survey of 10,317 men and women who graduated Wisconsin high schools in 1957, and who were re-interviewed in 1964, 1975, and 1992-93. "Career change" is operationalized as the movement into one's current (or most recent) employer spell held at age 52-53, from one's previous employment spell. The goal is not simply to assess the mental health consequences of mobility trajectories or minor changes in job duties over the life course, but to examine cases where work lives take on a new direction at midlife. The central theme of this research is that the extent to which career change impacts psychological functioning may depend on the type of career change that occurs, and the context in which these changes occur. Four dimensions of career change are considered: (1) career changes accompanied by substantial shifts in the nature of job tasks and demands (e.g., substantive complexity, manipulative skill requirements); (2) the reason for career change (e.g., voluntary, involuntary, health-related); (3) whether change was lateral, upwardly mobile, or downwardly mobile; and (4) whether the change involved a movement into or out of self-employment. The analyses will also explore whether career change has unique implications for specific subdimensions of depression (depressed affect, somatic complaints, low positive affect, interpersonal problems) and psychological well-being (e.g., personal growth, and purpose in life). Gender differences in observed relationships will be highlighted.