INTENSITY DLS AND MASKING IN NORMAL AND IMPAIRED HEARING

正常和听力受损的强度 DLS 和掩蔽

• 批准号: 6124949
• 负责人: MARY S. FLORENTINE
• 金额: $ 28.8万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6124949
• 关键词: acoustic nerve; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; hearing tests; human subject; mathematical model; model design /development; neural information processing; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; psychometrics; sensorineural hearing loss; sound frequency

Our long-term objective is to reach an understanding of the auditory system that will allow quantitative modeling of the perception of tones, noise, and speech in both normal and impaired hearing. Such models are important for understanding normal auditory processes and provide a basis for improving diagnosis and rehabilitation of hearing-impaired listeners. The proposed project aims to obtain psychoacoustic data that will allow further tests of the concept that excitation patterns and multiband decision rules may provide a general framework for quantitative modeling of normal and impaired hearing. Based on 21,2AFC experiments in normal, impaired, and masked-normal listeners, the proposed project will establish a firm basis for refining our excitation-pattern model of intensity discrimination and testing a number of hypotheses related to the decision process In this and other models. The specific aims are: (1) To test the hypothesis that differences in across-frequency integration for detection of brief and long tone complexes reflect different psychometric functions, psychometric functions will be measured for detection of masked brief and long tones and tone complexes. (2) To test the hypothesis that lower-than-expected thresholds for brief tone complexes depends on synchronous activity across a number of channels, masked thresholds will be measured for brief tone bursts and tone complex with the component tones in various phase relationships at the envelope peak. (3) To test the hypothesis that phase-locking of the auditory nerve may aid detection of tones with long durations, thresholds in the quiet and under masking will be compared for long and short bursts of tones and frozen narrow-band noises at several frequencies. (4) To test the hypothesis that the effect of duration on level discrimination depends on the width of the excitation pattern, level discrimination thresholds will be measured for tones and tone complexes partially masked by notched-noise maskers. (5) To test the hypothesis, that detection of masked signals is based on activity in an optimum selection of equally weighted frequency-selective channels, detection-probability functions (Conditional On a Single Stimulus, COSS) will be measured for pure tones and an 18-tone complex in either fixed or random conditions. The signals will be masked by uniformly masking noise composed of 24 critical-band wide noises whose levels vary randomly. The conditional psychometric functions thus obtained provide direct estimates of the decision rules used for each signal and listening condition. (6) To test the hypothesis that listeners' decision in a level-discrimination experiment is based on an optimally weighted sum of across-interval excitation-level differences in frequency selective channels, COSS functions will be measured for level discrimination of multitone complexes in which a random jitter is applied to each component. These data will add significantly to our understanding of normal and impaired hearing and will be important for the development and testing of models of the auditory system. Little is known about how the auditory system integrates information across channels, although this ability is critical to our perception of almost all sounds.

我们的长期目标是对听觉的理解 该系统将允许对音调的感知进行定量建模， 噪音，以及听力正常和受损的言语。这样的模型是 为理解正常的听觉过程提供了重要的依据 用于改善听力受损听众的诊断和康复。 拟议的项目旨在获得心理声学数据，以使 对激发模式和多频带概念的进一步检验 决策规则可以提供用于定量建模的一般框架 听力正常和受损的人。基于21，2AFC实验， 受损的和戴着面具的正常听众，拟议的项目将 为完善我们的激励模式模型奠定了坚实的基础 强度歧视和检验一些与以下相关的假设 这个模型和其他模型中的决策过程。具体目标是：(1) 以检验跨频率积分的差异假设 对于检测短音和长音的复合波反映不同 心理测量功能，心理测量功能将被测量 检测被屏蔽的短音和长音以及音调复合体。(2)测试 假设短语气的阈值低于预期 复合体取决于多个通道上的同步活动， 将测量短音调脉冲串和复合音调的掩蔽阈值 在包络处具有各种相位关系的分量音调 匹克。(3)检验听神经锁相的假设 可以帮助检测持续时间较长的音调，安静时的阈值 和掩蔽下，将比较长和短的音调突发和 冻结的窄带噪声在几个频率。(4)测试 假设持续时间对水平歧视的影响取决于 关于激励模式的宽度、电平辨别阈值 将测量被部分掩蔽的音调和音调复合体 有凹槽的噪声掩蔽器。(5)为了检验假设，检测到 被屏蔽的信号基于在最优选择中的活动 加权频率选择性信道、检测概率函数 (条件是单一刺激，COSS)将针对纯音进行测量 以及固定或随机条件下的18音复合体。这些信号 将由24个临界频段组成的均匀掩蔽噪声进行掩蔽 声级随机变化的宽噪音。条件心理测量学 由此获得的函数提供了决策规则的直接估计 用于每个信号和收听条件。(6)检验假设 听者在水平辨别实验中的决定是基于 关于跨区间激励电平的最优加权和 在频率选择性信道上的差异，COSS函数将 测量多音调复合体的电平辨别 随机抖动应用于每个组件。这些数据将添加 对我们理解正常和受损的听力和 对于模型的开发和测试将是重要的 听觉系统。人们对听觉系统如何整合知之甚少。 所有信息 渠道，尽管这种能力对我们感知几乎 所有的声音。