INTENSITY DLS AND MASKING IN NORMAL AND IMPAIRED HEARING

正常和听力受损的强度 DLS 和掩蔽

• 批准号: 6124949
• 负责人: MARY S. FLORENTINE
• 金额: $ 28.8万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6124949
• 关键词: acoustic nerve; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; hearing tests; human subject; mathematical model; model design /development; neural information processing; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; psychometrics; sensorineural hearing loss; sound frequency

Our long-term objective is to reach an understanding of the auditory system that will allow quantitative modeling of the perception of tones, noise, and speech in both normal and impaired hearing. Such models are important for understanding normal auditory processes and provide a basis for improving diagnosis and rehabilitation of hearing-impaired listeners. The proposed project aims to obtain psychoacoustic data that will allow further tests of the concept that excitation patterns and multiband decision rules may provide a general framework for quantitative modeling of normal and impaired hearing. Based on 21,2AFC experiments in normal, impaired, and masked-normal listeners, the proposed project will establish a firm basis for refining our excitation-pattern model of intensity discrimination and testing a number of hypotheses related to the decision process In this and other models. The specific aims are: (1) To test the hypothesis that differences in across-frequency integration for detection of brief and long tone complexes reflect different psychometric functions, psychometric functions will be measured for detection of masked brief and long tones and tone complexes. (2) To test the hypothesis that lower-than-expected thresholds for brief tone complexes depends on synchronous activity across a number of channels, masked thresholds will be measured for brief tone bursts and tone complex with the component tones in various phase relationships at the envelope peak. (3) To test the hypothesis that phase-locking of the auditory nerve may aid detection of tones with long durations, thresholds in the quiet and under masking will be compared for long and short bursts of tones and frozen narrow-band noises at several frequencies. (4) To test the hypothesis that the effect of duration on level discrimination depends on the width of the excitation pattern, level discrimination thresholds will be measured for tones and tone complexes partially masked by notched-noise maskers. (5) To test the hypothesis, that detection of masked signals is based on activity in an optimum selection of equally weighted frequency-selective channels, detection-probability functions (Conditional On a Single Stimulus, COSS) will be measured for pure tones and an 18-tone complex in either fixed or random conditions. The signals will be masked by uniformly masking noise composed of 24 critical-band wide noises whose levels vary randomly. The conditional psychometric functions thus obtained provide direct estimates of the decision rules used for each signal and listening condition. (6) To test the hypothesis that listeners' decision in a level-discrimination experiment is based on an optimally weighted sum of across-interval excitation-level differences in frequency selective channels, COSS functions will be measured for level discrimination of multitone complexes in which a random jitter is applied to each component. These data will add significantly to our understanding of normal and impaired hearing and will be important for the development and testing of models of the auditory system. Little is known about how the auditory system integrates information across channels, although this ability is critical to our perception of almost all sounds.

我们的长期目标是了解听觉 系统将允许对音调感知进行定量建模， 正常听力和听力受损的情况下的噪音和言语。此类模型是 对于理解正常的听觉过程很重要并提供基础 改善听力障碍听众的诊断和康复。 拟议项目旨在获取心理声学数据，以便 进一步测试激励模式和多频带的概念 决策规则可以为定量建模提供通用框架 正常和受损听力。基于正常情况下的21,2AFC实验， 受损的和蒙面的正常听众，拟议的项目将 为完善我们的激励模式模型奠定坚实的基础 强度歧视和检验一些相关的假设 此模型和其他模型中的决策过程。具体目标是：（1） 检验跨频率积分差异的假设 用于检测反映不同的短音和长音复合体 心理测量功能，心理测量功能将被测量 检测掩蔽的短音和长音以及复合音。 (2) 测试 假设短音阈值低于预期 复合体取决于多个渠道的同步活动， 将测量短暂的突发音调和复合音调的掩蔽阈值 包络处具有各种相位关系的分量音 顶峰。 (3) 检验听觉神经锁相的假设 可能有助于检测持续时间较长的音调、安静时的阈值 和掩蔽下将比较长和短的音调和 冻结多个频率的窄带噪声。 (4) 测试 假设持续时间对水平歧视的影响取决于 关于激励模式的宽度、电平辨别阈值 将测量部分被掩盖的音调和复合音调 缺口噪声掩蔽器。 (5) 检验假设，检测 屏蔽信号基于同等最佳选择的活动 加权频率选择通道、检测概率函数 （Conditional On a Single Stimulus，COSS）将测量纯音 以及固定或随机条件下的 18 音复合体。信号 将被由 24 个临界频带组成的均匀掩蔽噪声所掩蔽 电平随机变化的宽噪声。条件心理测量 由此获得的函数提供了决策规则的直接估计 用于每个信号和收听条件。 (6) 检验假设 听众在水平歧视实验中的决定是基于 跨区间激励水平的最优加权和 频率选择信道的差异，COSS功能将是 测量多音复合体的电平辨别，其中 随机抖动应用于每个组件。这些数据将添加 对我们对正常和受损听力的理解具有重要意义 对于模型的开发和测试非常重要 听觉系统。人们对听觉系统如何整合知之甚少 信息跨越 渠道，尽管这种能力对于我们感知几乎 所有的声音。