INTENSITY DLS AND MASKING IN NORMAL AND IMPAIRED HEARING

正常和听力受损的强度 DLS 和掩蔽

• 批准号: 3216034
• 负责人: MARY S. FLORENTINE
• 金额: $ 13.62万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1991-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3216034
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; cochlear lesion; disease /disorder model; hearing disorders; hearing tests; human subject; loudness; model design /development; neural information processing; noise; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; psychometrics; sound frequency; speech

Our long-term objective is to reach an understanding of the auditory system that will allow quantitative modeling of the perception of tones, noise, and speech in both normal and impaired hearing. Such models not only will improve our understanding of normal auditory processes, but also will significantly aid in providing better diagnostic tools for hearing impairment and better rehabilitation of hearing-impaired listeners. The proposed project aims to obtain some sorely needed data and to continue testing the general concept that excitation patterns may provide a framework for quantitative modeling of normal and impaired hearing. Based on 21, 2AFC experiments in normal listeners, impaired listeners, and listeners with impairments simulated by masking a normal ear, the proposed project will establish a firm psychoacoustic basis for refining our excitation-pattern model of intensity discrimination and testing several hypotheses related to this and other models. Our specific aims are (1) To test two hypotheses stating how sensitivity, d', depends on the level difference between two sounds being discriminated by measurements of psychometric functions for intensity discrimination, primarily in conditions with large DLs. (2) To test the hypothesis that Weber's Law does not hold within a single auditory channel. Intensity DLs as a function of level will be measured for sounds whose excitation is limited by random- level maskers to comprise a small number of auditory channels. (3) To test the hypothesis that detection of tonal signals in noise and intensity discrimination depends on similar decision rules and employ an unweighted (non-optimal) sum of information from an optimum selection of channels. Measurements of detection and intensity discrimination of a 1-kHz tone and a 16-tone complex will be made in fixed conditions and in conditions in which these two types of signals are presented at random from trail to trial. (4) To begin extending the model to account for discrimination of sounds that vary over time. The manner in which the auditory system can use excitation-level information over time will be assessed through measurements of sensitivity, d', for intensity discrimination as a function of stimulus duration. (5) The hypothesis is that excitation-level information decreases over time due to adaptation processes in the auditory system will be tested in several experiments. Intensity DLs for multiple tone bursts will be measured as function of number of the bursts and the inter-burst interval. In other experiments, intensity DLs for brief tones will be measured in the presence of a preceding, adapting tone of various durations. (6) To further investigate the processing of time-varying sounds and the flexibility of decision processes, the release from masking caused by masker--envelope fluctuations will be investigated in several experiments. These data will significantly add to our knowledge of normal and impaired auditory processing and will be important for the development and testing of models of the auditory system.

我们的长期目标是了解 听觉系统将允许定量建模 正常和 听力受损。 这样的模型不仅会改善我们的 了解普通的听觉过程，但也将 极大地有助于提供更好的诊断工具 障碍和更好地康复的听力障碍 听众。 拟议的项目旨在获得一些非常需要的 数据并继续测试激发的一般概念 模式可以为定量建模提供一个框架 听力正常和受损。 基于21，2AFC实验 普通的听众，听众受损和听众 通过掩盖正常耳朵模拟的障碍，提议 项目将建立牢固的心理声学基础，以完善我们的 强度歧视和测试的激发图案模型 与该模型和其他模型有关的几个假设。 我们的具体 目的是（1）检验两个假设，表明灵敏度如何D'， 取决于两个声音之间的级别差异 由心理测量功能的测量来区分 强度歧视，主要在DLS较大的条件下。 （2）检验韦伯定律不存在的假设 单个听觉渠道。 强度DLS随级的函数将 可以测量其激发受到随机限制的声音 等级掩蔽器包括少量的听觉通道。 （3）检验噪声中检测音调信号的假设 强度歧视取决于类似的决策规则和 使用未加权（非最佳）信息总和 最佳选择通道。 检测和 1-kHz音调和16色调复合物的强度区分 将在固定条件和这些条件下制作 从步道到试验，随机提出了​​两种类型的信号。 （4）开始扩展模型以说明 听起来随着时间的流逝而有所不同。 听觉的方式 系统可以随着时间的推移使用激发级信息 通过测量灵敏度D'评估强度 歧视是刺激持续时间的函数。 （5） 假设是激发级信息降低 由于听觉系统中的适应过程而引起的时间将是 在几个实验中进行了测试。 多音的强度DLS 爆发将作为爆发数量的函数来衡量， 间隔间的间隔。 在其他实验中，强度DLS 简短的音调将在存在前面的情况下测量 各种持续时间的调整音调。 （6）进一步研究 时间变化的声音和决策灵活性 流程，蒙版引起的掩蔽释放-envelope 波动将在几个实验中进行研究。 这些 数据将大大增加我们对正常和 听觉处理受损，对 听觉系统模型的开发和测试。