ROLE OF LATERAL LINE EXCITATION PATTERNS IN DETERMINING SOURCE LOCATION

机械感觉侧线，一个原始的脊椎动物毛细胞系统 所有鱼类和一些两栖动物的特征，长期以来一直是 建立了一个有用的模型来理解毛细胞如何相关 包括哺乳动物的听觉系统在内的系统是有效的。肤浅的 鱼体内侧线毛细胞的位置提供了显著的 在可访问性和试验简易性方面的优势 操纵。侧线系统与未缠绕的耳蜗无异。 沿着鱼的身体，编码空间而不是光谱 刺激场的变化。虽然近端的刺激场对于 侧线系统是流过鱼的流体，而不是 沿基底膜的行波，有关刺激的信息 两个系统中的场及其源都由激励模式编码 沿着空间分布的毛细胞。此外，一阶脑干 这两个系统中的核具有相似的结构，这表明 它们以类似的方式处理信息。的长期目标是 这项研究是为了增加我们对空间格局如何 神经系统利用毛细胞阵列的变化来获得 有关刺激来源的信息。特别是，我们将调查 侧线刺激模式在信息提取中的重要性 关于外部水源扰乱的位置。一种组合 解剖学、神经生理学、行为学和建模技术 将决定中枢神经系统在 刺激侧线系统的时间和存在的 对感官输入的行为反应。刺激投入、流动模式 关于振动球，都是用各种刺激来指定的 测量和计算机建模技术，这也被用于 预测沿侧线的激发模式。自然发生的 并测量条件性行为以确定鱼的能力 来定位偶极子源。相同的偶极子震源用于 神经生理学实验，测量两者的反应 外周神经纤维和上行投射神经元。 订购脑干核团。此外，还使用了解剖学技术 以确定外围和中央底物的特性，这些底物会对 系统的输入/输出特性。种内比较 在各种感觉系统完好无损和受阻的个体中， 作为不同天然鱼类之间的种间比较 行为和感官特化，将被用来确定 侧线和听觉系统在使鱼成活中的相对作用 以定位水源扰乱的来源。

The mechanosensory lateral line, a primitive vertebrate hair cell system characteristic of all fishes and some amphibians, has long been established as a useful model for understanding how related hair cell systems, including the mammalian auditory system, work. The superficial location of lateral line hair cells on the body of fish offers significant advantages in terms of accessibility and ease of experimental manipulation. The lateral line system is not unlike an uncoiled cochlea along the body of the fish that encodes spatial rather than spectral variations in the stimulus field. Although the proximal stimulus field for the lateral line system is fluid flow past the fish rather than the traveling wave along the basilar membrane, information about the stimulus field and its source in both systems is encoded by excitation patterns along spatially-distributed hair cells. Furthermore, first-order brainstem nuclei in these two systems possess similar organizations, suggesting that they process information in a similar fashion. The long term objective of this research is to increase our understanding of how spatial patterns of variation along hair cell arrays are used by the nervous system to gain information about stimulus sources. In particular, we will investigate the importance of lateral line excitations patterns in extracting information about the location of external sources of water disturbance. A combination of anatomical, neurophysiological, behavioral, and modeling techniques will determine what happens in the central nervous systems between the time the lateral line system is stimulated and the time there is a behavioral reaction to the sensory input. Stimulus inputs, flow patterns about a vibrating sphere, are specified with a variety of stimulus measurement and computer modeling techniques, which are also used to predict excitation patterns along the lateral line. Naturally-occurring and conditioned behaviors are measured to determined the ability of fish to locate dipole sources. The same dipole sources are used in neurophysiological experiments, which measure the responses of both peripheral nerve fibers and ascending projection neurons in the first- order brainstem nucleus. Anatomical techniques are additionally being used to characterize the peripheral and central substrates that give risk to the input/output characteristics of the system. Intra-specific comparisons among individuals with various sensory systems intact and blocked, as well as inter-specific comparisons among different fish with different natural behaviors and sensory specializations, will be used to determine the relative roles of the lateral line and auditory systems in enabling fish to localize sources of water disturbance.