ROLE OF LATERAL LINE EXCITATION PATTERNS IN DETERMINING SOURCE LOCATION

侧线激励模式在确定源位置中的作用

• 批准号: 6270138
• 负责人: SHERYL COOMBS
• 金额: $ 18.78万
• 依托单位: LOYOLA UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-04-01 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6270138
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain stem; goldfish; lateral line; neural information processing; orientation; predation; sensory discrimination

The mechanosensory lateral line, a primitive vertebrate hair cell system characteristic of all fishes and some amphibians, has long been established as a useful model for understanding how related hair cell systems, including the mammalian auditory system, work. The superficial location of lateral line hair cells on the body of fish offers significant advantages in terms of accessibility and ease of experimental manipulation. The lateral line system is not unlike an uncoiled cochlea along the body of the fish that encodes spatial rather than spectral variations in the stimulus field. Although the proximal stimulus field for the lateral line system is fluid flow past the fish rather than the traveling wave along the basilar membrane, information about the stimulus field and its source in both systems is encoded by excitation patterns along spatially-distributed hair cells. Furthermore, first-order brainstem nuclei in these two systems possess similar organizations, suggesting that they process information in a similar fashion. The long term objective of this research is to increase our understanding of how spatial patterns of variation along hair cell arrays are used by the nervous system to gain information about stimulus sources. In particular, we will investigate the importance of lateral line excitations patterns in extracting information about the location of external sources of water disturbance. A combination of anatomical, neurophysiological, behavioral, and modeling techniques will determine what happens in the central nervous systems between the time the lateral line system is stimulated and the time there is a behavioral reaction to the sensory input. Stimulus inputs, flow patterns about a vibrating sphere, are specified with a variety of stimulus measurement and computer modeling techniques, which are also used to predict excitation patterns along the lateral line. Naturally-occurring and conditioned behaviors are measured to determined the ability of fish to locate dipole sources. The same dipole sources are used in neurophysiological experiments, which measure the responses of both peripheral nerve fibers and ascending projection neurons in the first- order brainstem nucleus. Anatomical techniques are additionally being used to characterize the peripheral and central substrates that give risk to the input/output characteristics of the system. Intra-specific comparisons among individuals with various sensory systems intact and blocked, as well as inter-specific comparisons among different fish with different natural behaviors and sensory specializations, will be used to determine the relative roles of the lateral line and auditory systems in enabling fish to localize sources of water disturbance.

机械感觉侧线，一种原始的脊椎动物毛细胞系统 所有鱼类和一些两栖动物的特征，长期以来一直是 建立了一个有用的模型，了解相关的毛细胞 包括哺乳动物听觉系统在内的所有系统都能正常工作。浅 侧线毛细胞在鱼体上的位置提供了重要的 在可及性和易于实验方面的优势 操纵侧线系统与展开的耳蜗没有什么不同 沿着鱼的身体编码空间而不是光谱 刺激场的变化。虽然近端刺激场 侧线系统是流体流过鱼而不是 沿着基底膜的行波，关于刺激的信息 场和它的源在两个系统中是由激励模式编码的 沿着空间分布的毛细胞。此外，一阶脑干 这两个系统中的核心具有相似的组织，这表明， 它们以类似的方式处理信息。的长期目标 这项研究是为了增加我们对空间模式的理解， 神经系统利用沿着毛细胞阵列的变化来获得 关于刺激源的信息。特别是，我们将调查 侧向线激励模式在信息提取中的重要性 外部水源扰动的位置。的组合 解剖学、神经生理学、行为学和建模技术 将决定中枢神经系统中发生的事情， 侧线系统被刺激的时间和存在 对感官输入的行为反应。刺激输入，流动模式 关于一个振动的球体，被指定为各种刺激 测量和计算机建模技术，这些技术也用于 预测沿着侧线的激励模式。天然存在 通过测量条件行为来确定鱼类 来定位偶极子源相同的偶极子源用于 神经生理学实验，测量两者的反应 周围神经纤维和上行投射神经元在第一- 脑干核团。此外，还使用了解剖技术 为了表征导致以下风险的外围和中心基质， 系统的输入/输出特性。种内比较 在各种感觉系统完整或受阻的个体中， 作为不同鱼类之间的种间比较， 行为和感官专业化，将被用来确定 侧线和听觉系统在使鱼 定位水扰动的来源。