REACTIVITY AND ENERGETICS OF DEHYDROGENASE ENZYMES AND REDOX MEDIATORS

这项提议的长期目标是发展敏感的、 用于测量的选择性和可靠的电化学生物探针 与生理相关的代谢物。在研究层面上，那些 探头可以用来研究周期之间的关系 代谢产物的波动与老年人精神障碍的发展 人体。在应用程序级别，这些设备的开发 可以通过以下方式实现临床实验室的分散 为医生和门诊患者提供快速、可靠、方便的 和低成本的代谢物分析方法。在短期内，这 提案将解决能量学和反应性问题 几种具有不同脱氢酶的氧化还原介体。氧化还原 中间体为[Ru(苯二酮)x(Bpy)y]2，其中x=3，2，1，y=0，1，2； [RU(苯二酮)(phen-R，R‘)L]2，式中L为bpy-R“或phen-R”； [CO(phen-R，R‘)3]2.R‘为-H、-CH3、-OH、-Cl、-NH2、-NR3、(R=H) 或R‘=-Phi，-Phi-SO3(R=R’)。R“为-NH2或-COOH基团。 这些酶是乳酸、苹果酸、酒精、甘油和硫胺。 脱氢酶。将探讨两种策略：第一，调解 在所研究的脱氢酶存在下的NADH氧化， 其次，硫酰胺脱氢酶偶联辅助NADH氧化。 对其他脱氢酶的影响。热力学和动力学参数将 在均相中使用标准电化学技术进行测定 解决办法。这些参数如何受到固定化的影响 电极表面的介体、辅因子和酶将 也有待研究。表面固定化的三种策略 最佳系统将根据其响应输出和 分析特征。这些是丝网印刷电极， 电极表面聚合物薄膜的战略性分层 和液膜探头。PH、离子等变量的影响 反应中所有敏感成分的强度和浓度 将在均相溶液和AS表面中评估速率 受限系统。这一知识将使我们能够更好地控制 传感器的输出。

The long term goal of this proposal is the development of sensitive, selective and reliable electrochemical bioprobes for the measurement of metabolites of physiological relevance. At the research level, those probes can be used to study the relationship between periodic fluctuations of metabolites and the development of disorders in the human body. At an application level, the development of those devices can result in the decentralization of clinical laboratories by providing the physicians and ambulatory patients a fast, reliable, easy and low cost way of analyzing for metabolites. In a short term, this proposal will address the issues of energetics and reactivity of several redox mediators with various dehydrogenases. The redox mediators are [Ru(phendione)x(bpy)y]2+, where x= 3,2,1 and y= 0,1,2; [Ru(phendione)(phen-R,R')L]2+, where L is bpy-R" or phen-R"; and [Co(phen-R,R')3]2+. The R' is -H, -CH3, -OH, -Cl, -NH2, -NR3+, (R=H) or R' = -phi, -phi-SO3 (R =R'). R" is either a -NH2 or a -COOH group. The enzymes are lactate, malate, alcohol, glycerol and lipoamide dehydrogenases. Two strategies will be explored: first, the mediated NADH oxidation in the presence of the dehydrogenases under study and, secondly, the NADH oxidation aided by lipoamide dehydrogenase coupled to the other dehydrogenases. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters will be determined using standard electrochemical techniques in homogeneous solutions. How those parameters are affected by the immobilization of the mediator, the cofactor and the enzyme at electrode surfaces will also be studied. Three strategies for the surface immobilization of the best systems will be evaluated based on their response output and analytical characteristics. Those are screen-printed electrodes, strategically layering of thin polymeric films at electrode surfaces and liquid membrane probes. The effect of variables such as pH, ionic strength and concentration of all sensing components on the reaction rate will be evaluated, in both homogeneous solutions and as surface confined systems. That knowledge will allow a better control of the sensor's output.