BIO-BEHAVIORAL STUDIES OF LANGUAGE AND COGNITION

语言和认知的生物行为研究

• 批准号: 2673370
• 负责人: DUANE M RUMBAUGH
• 金额: $ 78.15万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1975
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1975-06-01 至 2000-05-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2673370
• 关键词: animal communication behavior; behavioral /social science research tag; language development; mental retardation education /training

This program of research with children and primates is comprised of six interlocking projects designed to explored the roots of competence for language and planning, for complex learning and cognition, for behavioral and object constructions, are basic to human competence throughout life and are at risk for development in the child with brain damage. The development of animal models appropriate to long-term research on these dimensions of competence is important and promises to be advanced by progress to date and the proposed science program. The potential for appropriate models is significantly advanced by the Language Research Center's discovery that the bonobo (Pan paniscus), and to a lesser degree the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), can come to comprehend words of human speech at a level that approximates a 2-1/2 year old child if they are reared from birth in an environment that emphasizes language. They also spontaneously comprehend word-lexigrams and their appropriate use. As is true for the human child, Pan appears to be uniquely sensitive to conditions of its rearing from birth so far as the spontaneous acquisitions of language and the declaration of other dimensions of competence are concerned. Accordingly, one project, in collaboration with the NIH, now proposes to search for the neurological sites of Pan's brain that are activated as speech is heard and word-lexigrams are used (see Science core, "SPECT Imaging..."). Collectively, all projects should contribute to a better understanding of development both for normal and specials populations; in some instances, projects might yield better methods of ameliorating deficits in competence. This program is made possible, in many ways, because of computer-based, video-formatted technological advances of this Center.

这项针对儿童和灵长类动物的研究计划包括六个方面， 连锁项目旨在探索能力的根源， 语言和规划，复杂的学习和认知，行为 和客体建构，是人类一生中的基本能力 并且在有脑损伤的儿童中有发育的风险。 的 开发适合长期研究的动物模型 能力的各个方面是重要的，并有望通过以下方式得到提高： 迄今为止的进展和拟议的科学计划。 的潜力 适当的模式是显着先进的语言研究 中心的发现，倭黑猩猩（潘paniscus），并在较小程度上 黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）能够理解人类语言 在一个水平，接近一个2-1/2岁的孩子，如果他们是 从小就在一个强调语言的环境中长大。 他们还 自发地理解单词-lexigrams及其适当的使用。如 对于人类的孩子来说，潘似乎是独一无二的敏感， 从出生到现在，只要是自发的， 语言的习得和其他方面的宣言 能力有关。 因此，一个项目，在合作 与美国国立卫生研究院，现在提出寻找潘的神经部位 当听到讲话和使用单词-时， (see科学核心，“SPECT成像. "). 总的来说，所有项目 应有助于更好地理解发展， 正常和特殊人群;在某些情况下，项目可能会产生 改善能力缺陷的更好方法。 这个程序是 在许多方面，由于基于计算机的视频格式， 该中心的技术进步。