BIO-BEHAVIORAL STUDIES OF LANGUAGE AND COGNITION

语言和认知的生物行为研究

• 批准号: 2403002
• 负责人: DUANE M RUMBAUGH
• 金额: $ 75.18万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1975
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1975-06-01 至 1999-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2403002
• 关键词: animal communication behavior; behavioral /social science research tag; language development; mental retardation education /training

This program of research with children and primates is comprised of six interlocking projects designed to explored the roots of competence for language and planning, for complex learning and cognition, for behavioral and object constructions, are basic to human competence throughout life and are at risk for development in the child with brain damage. The development of animal models appropriate to long-term research on these dimensions of competence is important and promises to be advanced by progress to date and the proposed science program. The potential for appropriate models is significantly advanced by the Language Research Center's discovery that the bonobo (Pan paniscus), and to a lesser degree the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), can come to comprehend words of human speech at a level that approximates a 2-1/2 year old child if they are reared from birth in an environment that emphasizes language. They also spontaneously comprehend word-lexigrams and their appropriate use. As is true for the human child, Pan appears to be uniquely sensitive to conditions of its rearing from birth so far as the spontaneous acquisitions of language and the declaration of other dimensions of competence are concerned. Accordingly, one project, in collaboration with the NIH, now proposes to search for the neurological sites of Pan's brain that are activated as speech is heard and word-lexigrams are used (see Science core, "SPECT Imaging..."). Collectively, all projects should contribute to a better understanding of development both for normal and specials populations; in some instances, projects might yield better methods of ameliorating deficits in competence. This program is made possible, in many ways, because of computer-based, video-formatted technological advances of this Center.

这项针对儿童和灵长类动物的研究项目由六个项目组成 旨在探索能力的根源的连锁项目 语言和计划，用于复杂的学习和认知，用于行为 和宾语结构，是人类一生能力的基础 有脑损伤的儿童有发育的风险。这个 适合长期研究的动物模型的发展 能力维度很重要，并有望通过以下方式得到提升 到目前为止的进展和拟议的科学计划。潜在的 合适的模式是语言研究的显著进步 中心的发现是黑猩猩(Panpaniscus)，在较小的程度上 黑猩猩，能理解人类的话 如果他们是两岁半的孩子，他们说话的水平接近于两岁半的孩子 从出生起就在强调语言的环境中长大。他们也 自发地理解单词词汇及其恰当的用法。按原样 对于人类孩子来说是真的，潘似乎对 它的养育条件从出生到现在都是自发的 语言的习得和其他方面的声明 能力是值得关注的。因此，一个项目，在合作中 与美国国立卫生研究院合作，现在提议搜索潘的神经学位置 当听到语音和使用单词词汇图时被激活的大脑 (参见Science core，“SPECT成像...”)。总体而言，所有项目 应有助于更好地理解发展 普通人群和特殊人群；在某些情况下，项目可能会产生 改善能力缺陷的更好方法。这个节目是 在许多方面使之成为可能，因为基于计算机的、视频格式化的 该中心的技术进步。