Safety and lower airway immunogenicity of two candidate Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) vaccines administered to the respiratory tract

两种候选冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 呼吸道疫苗的安全性和下呼吸道免疫原性

• 批准号: MR/V028499/1
• 负责人: Christopher Chiu
• 金额: $ 74.47万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FV028499%2F1
• 关键词: Safety; lower; airway; immunogenicity; two

For a COVID-19 vaccine to have maximum impact, it should not only prevent severe infection but also limit the shedding of virus so that transmission is interrupted and pandemic spread is controlled. Experience with the influenza vaccine FluEnz (which is given as a nasal spray) has shown that intranasal vaccines can be effective for both outcomes. All COVID-19 vaccines currently being trialled are delivered by injection but it is known that directly stimulating immunity at the site of infection (i.e. the nose and lung) induces specialised protective responses that may more quickly and completely control infection. This study will test the two leading UK COVID-19 vaccines to show that they are safe, well-tolerated and capable of stimulating immune responses both in the blood and the lung when administered to the respiratory tract. Using standardised methods, we will directly compare immune responses in the blood, nose and lower airway between these two vaccines as well as with data from ongoing clinical trials of intramuscular vaccination. Thus, we will show the effect of different vaccine technologies as well as delivery method and provide the critical information required to begin further clinical trials to show the efficacy of this needle-free vaccination strategy.

为使COVID-19疫苗发挥最大影响，其不仅应预防严重感染，还应限制病毒脱落，从而阻断传播并控制大流行传播。流感疫苗FluEnz（作为鼻喷雾剂）的经验表明，鼻内疫苗对这两种结果都有效。目前正在试验的所有COVID-19疫苗都是通过注射给药的，但已知直接刺激感染部位（即鼻子和肺部）的免疫力会诱导专门的保护性反应，可能更快更完全地控制感染。这项研究将测试英国两种领先的COVID-19疫苗，以证明它们是安全的，耐受性良好，并且能够在呼吸道接种时刺激血液和肺部的免疫反应。使用标准化方法，我们将直接比较这两种疫苗之间血液、鼻和下呼吸道的免疫应答，以及正在进行的肌内接种临床试验的数据。因此，我们将展示不同疫苗技术以及接种方法的效果，并提供开始进一步临床试验所需的关键信息，以显示这种无针接种策略的有效性。

项目成果

Human Challenge Studies with Coronaviruses Old and New.

• DOI: 10.1007/82_2021_247
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: Current topics in microbiology and immunology
• 作者: Richard T. McKendry;Nana-Marie Lemm;L. Papargyris;C. Chiu