Developing contextually specific interventions to reduce alcohol consumption amongst increasing and higher risk drinkers within the Drink Less App

在“少喝”应用程序中制定针对具体情况的干预措施，以减少风险增加和高风险饮酒者的饮酒量

• 批准号: MR/W026430/1
• 负责人: Melissa Oldham
• 金额: $ 17.2万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FW026430%2F1
• 关键词: Developing; contextually; specific; interventions; reduce

We aim to improve the effectiveness of the health app, Drink Less, by making it more tailored to how people actually drink. Drink Less was designed by researchers to help heavier drinkers reduce their alcohol consumption. We will develop two new parts of the app. These will provide more personalised support to people by using information about their specific drinking contexts, which could include where someone drinks or who they drink with. The contexts in which people drink and their reasons for drinking are highly variable and previous research suggests drinkers do not think about their alcohol consumption in terms of a weekly total, but as individual drinking occasions that play different roles in their daily lives. It is likely that some drinking occasions are more open to change than others, and that strategies for cutting down will be more effective for some types of occasions. As such, personalising intervention strategies to the contexts in which individuals drink may be more effective than providing the same support to everyone who uses the app.The app currently contains a drinking diary where people can record what they drink each day. We will modify this diary so that people can add the contexts in which they drink. We will compare two approaches to collecting this information, to determine the most effective and acceptable. Two groups of participants will use two different versions of the app, which will be identical apart from the drinking diary. Participants will be randomly allocated to either select all of the contextual characteristics that apply to their drinking occasion (e.g. they drank in a pub, and they drank with friends), or will choose from a list of pre-specified occasion types (e.g. a 'big night out', 'quiet night in'). We will then ask participants to rate the app in terms of how easy it is to use. We will use these ratings, alongside engagement data (e.g. how much the apps were used) and interviews with some participants to decide which version is best.The next step will be to adapt two of the existing intervention components, Self-Monitoring & Feedback and Action Planning, so that they make use of this contextual information. The Self-Monitoring & Feedback component currently lets people view how much they have drunk and what impact this has on their mood and sleep. This component will be developed so that it also provides information on the drinking context (e.g. it could inform people that when they drink more heavily they tend to be in a particular location or with particular people). The Action Planning component is where people set themselves goals to reduce their consumption. The contextual information here will be used to help people set more specific goals which may be more effective. For example, someone who records drinking heavily in the pub with friends may be prompted to set a goal to avoid drinking in rounds or to order soft drinks between alcoholic ones. Whereas someone who records drinking more heavily at home may set goals to reduce the amount of alcohol they buy in the supermarket or to measure how much alcohol they are pouring. These will then be rated by users and behaviour change experts in interviews and focus groups.The final part of this project will be to refine the two contextualised intervention components to make sure that they are clear, appropriate, in line with theory and technically sound. This will be done by interviews with potential app users, researchers and the app developer. We will also do some work evaluating how acceptable the newly developed intervention components are to users, as it is important that users feel comfortable with using the app.

我们的目标是通过使其更适合人们实际饮酒方式来提高健康应用程序 Drink Less 的有效性。 “少喝”是由研究人员设计的，旨在帮助酗酒者减少饮酒量。我们将开发该应用程序的两个新部分。这些将通过使用有关人们特定饮酒环境的信息（其中可能包括某人在哪里喝酒或与谁一起喝酒）为人们提供更个性化的支持。人们饮酒的环境和饮酒的原因差异很大，之前的研究表明，饮酒者不会根据每周的饮酒总量来考虑自己的饮酒量，而是根据在日常生活中扮演不同角色的个人饮酒场合来考虑。某些饮酒场合可能比其他场合更容易改变，并且减少饮酒的策略对于某些类型的场合会更有效。因此，针对个人饮酒情况制定个性化干预策略可能比为每个使用该应用程序的每个人提供相同的支持更有效。该应用程序目前包含一个饮酒日记，人们可以在其中记录每天喝了什么。我们将修改此日记，以便人们可以添加他们饮酒的背景。我们将比较两种收集此信息的方法，以确定最有效和可接受的方法。两组参与者将使用该应用程序的两个不同版本，除了饮酒日记之外，这两个版本都是相同的。参与者将被随机分配选择适用于其饮酒场合的所有情境特征（例如，他们在酒吧喝酒，和朋友一起喝酒），或者从预先指定的场合类型列表中进行选择（例如“盛大的夜晚”、“安静的夜晚”）。然后，我们将要求参与者对应用程序的易用性进行评分。我们将使用这些评级、参与度数据（例如应用程序的使用量）以及对一些参与者的采访来决定哪个版本最好。下一步将是调整现有的两个干预组件，即自我监控和反馈以及行动计划，以便他们利用这些上下文信息。目前，自我监控和反馈组件可以让人们查看自己喝了多少酒，以及这对他们的情绪和睡眠有何影响。该组件将被开发，以便它还提供有关饮酒环境的信息（例如，它可以告诉人们，当他们饮酒较多时，他们往往会在特定的地点或与特定的人在一起）。行动计划部分是人们为自己设定减少消费的目标的地方。这里的上下文信息将用于帮助人们设定更具体的目标，这可能更有效。例如，记录与朋友在酒吧酗酒的人可能会被提示设定一个目标，避免轮流喝酒或在酗酒者之间点软饮料。而在家中饮酒较多的人可能会设定目标，以减少在超市购买的酒精量或测量自己倒了多少酒精。然后，用户和行为改变专家将在访谈和焦点小组中对这些内容进行评分。该项目的最后一部分将是完善两个情境化干预组成部分，以确保它们清晰、适当、符合理论且技术上合理。这将通过采访潜在的应用程序用户、研究人员和应用程序开发人员来完成。我们还将做一些工作来评估新开发的干预组件对用户的接受程度，因为用户对使用该应用程序感到舒适非常重要。