Early Life Exposures And Development Of Non-communicable Diseases In Adolescence: The Drakenstein Child Health Study

青春期早期生命暴露和非传染性疾病的发展：德拉肯斯坦儿童健康研究

• 批准号: MR/W028352/1
• 负责人: Adnan Custovic
• 金额: $ 271.21万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FW028352%2F1
• 关键词: Early; Life; Exposures; Development; Non

Non-communicable diseases are a major cause of ill health and premature death globally, with a particularly large burden in low- and middle-income countries. These include many common diseases, including respiratory disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, obesity, diabetes and mental illness. In low- and middle-income countries, these diseases occur at an earlier age and are more severe compared to high-income countries. Studies from high-income countries have shown that the roots of these diseases lie in childhood, and that their development through the life course tracks from early childhood into adolescence and adulthood. The burden and the type of exposures which adversely affect their development, such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, cigarette smoke, biomass exposure, allergens or intense level of stress, are very different in Africa compared to high-income countries. However, despite the high number of affected people and higher severity of non-communicable diseases, as well as many harmful environmental exposures, there are no data on early-life factors associated with their development in Africa. Adolescence is an important period during which non-communicable diseases emerge and in which behaviours or exposures such as heightened risk-taking (for example smoking) and increased risk of infections (such as TB) may affect disease development. Importantly, adolescence is a period in which we may intervene to improve lifetime health. However, there are very limited studies on non-communicable diseases or early-life determinants in adolescents in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Africa. Identifying these is crucial to develop ways to prevent these diseases and reduce their burden. Building on a unique South African birth cohort, the Drakenstein Child Health study, we wish to establish a resource for detailed study of non-communicable diseases in African adolescents and help researchers around the world to access many valuable datasets. To achieve this, in our study of 1000 mother-child pairs, we collected detailed measures of infectious diseases and non-infectious exposures through pregnancy and childhood, stored their biological samples, and completed repeated measurements of health from birth to age 8 years. We now propose to follow participants through the critical period of adolescence from 9 to 15 years of age, to measure heath status across broad domains (respiratory, heart disease, obesity, diabetes, mental health), and assess ongoing exposures. We will collect biological samples through this time, adding to the existing repository to enable many future studies to address mechanisms of how these diseases develop. We will consolidate and verify different data sets, so that they can be easily accessed and reused, thereby enhancing their global value. This will create a unique resource unparalleled anywhere in low- and middle-income countries, for study of non-communicable diseases. We will bring together leading UK, South African and Australian experts, building African research capacity through collaborations and training. Our overall vision is to inform the development of intervention strategies to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases and improve health during the key period of adolescence and into adulthood. This will be very important for the development of new strategies reduce disease burden, prevent ill health and premature death, an area of critical need.

非传染性疾病是全球健康不良和过早死亡的主要原因，在中低收入国家造成的负担尤其沉重。这些疾病包括许多常见疾病，包括哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病等呼吸系统疾病、心脏病、肥胖症、糖尿病和精神疾病。在低收入和中等收入国家，这些疾病发生在较早的年龄，并且比高收入国家更严重。来自高收入国家的研究表明，这些疾病的根源在于儿童时期，其发展贯穿于从幼儿期到青春期和成年期的整个生命过程。与高收入国家相比，非洲的负担和对他们的发展产生不利影响的暴露类型，如肺炎、肺结核、吸烟、生物量暴露、过敏原或严重的压力，有很大不同。然而，尽管受影响的人数很多，非传染性疾病的严重程度较高，以及许多有害的环境暴露，但没有关于与非洲发展有关的早期生命因素的数据。青春期是出现非传染性疾病的重要时期，在此期间，冒险行为（如吸烟）增加和感染（如结核病）风险增加等行为或接触可能影响疾病的发展。重要的是，青春期是我们可以干预以改善终身健康的时期。然而，关于低收入和中等收入国家，特别是非洲国家青少年非传染性疾病或生命早期决定因素的研究非常有限。确定这些因素对于制定预防这些疾病和减轻其负担的方法至关重要。基于南非独特的出生队列，Drakenstein儿童健康研究，我们希望建立一个详细研究非洲青少年非传染性疾病的资源，并帮助世界各地的研究人员访问许多有价值的数据集。为了实现这一目标，在我们对1000对母子的研究中，我们收集了感染性疾病和非感染性暴露的详细措施，通过怀孕和童年，存储他们的生物样本，并完成了从出生到8岁的重复健康测量。我们现在建议跟踪参与者从9岁到15岁的青春期关键时期，以测量广泛领域（呼吸系统，心脏病，肥胖，糖尿病，精神健康）的健康状况，并评估持续的暴露。我们将在这段时间内收集生物样本，增加现有的储存库，使许多未来的研究能够解决这些疾病如何发展的机制。我们将整合和验证不同的数据集，使其易于访问和重用，从而提高其全球价值。这将为研究非传染性疾病创造一个中低收入国家无可比拟的独特资源。我们将汇集英国，南非和澳大利亚的领先专家，通过合作和培训建立非洲的研究能力。我们的总体愿景是为制定干预战略提供信息，以减少非传染性疾病的风险，并改善青春期和成年期这一关键时期的健康状况。这对于制定新的战略----减少疾病负担、预防健康不良和过早死亡----这是一个迫切需要的领域----非常重要。

项目成果

Data-driven research on eczema: systematic characterization of the field and recommendations for the future

数据驱动的湿疹研究：该领域的系统特征和未来建议

• DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.14.22269294
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Duverdier A

Data-driven research on eczema: Systematic characterization of the field and recommendations for the future.

• DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12170
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Clinical and translational allergy
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Duverdier A;Custovic A;Tanaka RJ
• 通讯作者: Tanaka RJ

Allergy Essentials

过敏必需品

• DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-80912-2.00003-2
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Custovic A