Moving maternal Group B Streptococcal vaccines into clinical effectiveness trials.

将孕产妇 B 组链球菌疫苗纳入临床有效性试验。

• 批准号: MR/X011100/1
• 负责人: Kirsty Le Doare
• 金额: $ 72.94万
• 依托单位: St George's, University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FX011100%2F1
• 关键词: Moving; maternal; Group; Streptococcal; vaccines

Infections during the first month of life are a leading cause of death in Africa and Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is emerging as a major pathogen. GBS is a bug (bacterium) that normally lives in the gut and vagina of otherwise healthy women. GBS can cause lethal infections in pregnant women and also leads to stillbirths and premature births. It can be passed from mother to baby at birth or in breastmilk. Once passed on, GBS either remains harmless or causes severe pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis in newborn babies. One way a mother protects her baby is by passing antibody against GBS through the placenta and in breastmilk after birth. However, we do not yet know how much antibody needs to be passed in this way to protect babies from disease. It is also unclear how the GBS bacterium changes from harmless coloniser to potentially fatal bacteria.At present, babies in Africa are still dying or being born too early and too small because of infections like GBS. Our research group is dedicated to finding out why GBS passes from mother to child, what levels of "protective" antibody need to be passed through the placenta to stop babies from getting sick in the first place and how to prevent GBS disease through new treatments such as maternal vaccination. Before a vaccine can be given to pregnant women, we need to make sure that it is safe and acceptable. We also need to make sure that the amount of "protective antibody" is the same in different countries and look out for potential problems that would make a vaccine less effective.We will use these answers to change how we look after pregnant women and monitor their babies for signs of infection. We do this so that we can improve the health of women and their babies and prevent GBS infections. Our planned work includes the following:1. Developing a statistical model to understand how different types of bacteria might change the amount of antibody we make following infection2. Following babies in Uganda and taking blood samples to work out what types of GBS (and other infections) make babies sick and how much antibody a mother needs to pass to her baby to protect them against infection;3. Engaging with women in the Uganda to understand whether a vaccine given to pregnant women to prevent GBS - which is currently being developed - is likely to be well received and taken up sufficiently for it to be effective. 4. Using the hospital electronic medical records to develop a system to monitor vaccines given in pregnancy

出生后第一个月的感染是非洲死亡的主要原因，B 族链球菌 (GBS) 正在成为主要病原体。 GBS 是一种细菌，通常生活在健康女性的肠道和阴道中。 GBS 可导致孕妇致命感染，并导致死产和早产。它可以在出生时或通过母乳从母亲传给婴儿。一旦传播，GBS要么保持无害，要么导致新生儿严重肺炎、败血症和脑膜炎。母亲保护婴儿的一种方法是在婴儿出生后通过胎盘和母乳传递 GBS 抗体。然而，我们还不知道需要通过这种方式传递多少抗体才能保护婴儿免受疾病侵害。目前还不清楚 GBS 细菌如何从无害的定殖菌转变为可能致命的细菌。目前，非洲的婴儿仍然因 GBS 等感染而死亡或出生过早且过小。我们的研究小组致力于找出 GBS 为何会从母亲传染给孩子、需要通过胎盘传递什么水平的“保护性”抗体才能从一开始就阻止婴儿生病，以及如何通过孕产妇疫苗接种等新疗法来预防 GBS 疾病。在给孕妇接种疫苗之前，我们需要确保它是安全且可接受的。我们还需要确保不同国家的“保护性抗体”数量相同，并留意可能导致疫苗效果降低的潜在问题。我们将利用这些答案来改变我们照顾孕妇并监测婴儿感染迹象的方式。我们这样做是为了改善妇女及其婴儿的健康并预防 GBS 感染。我们计划的工作包括以下内容： 1．开发统计模型来了解不同类型的细菌如何改变我们感染后产生的抗体量2。跟踪乌干达的婴儿并采集血液样本，以确定哪些类型的 GBS（和其他感染）会导致婴儿生病，以及母亲需要将多少抗体传递给婴儿以保护婴儿免受感染；3。与乌干达妇女接触，了解目前正在开发的用于孕妇预防 GBS 的疫苗是否可能受到广泛欢迎并得到充分采用，从而发挥作用。 4. 利用医院电子病历开发妊娠期疫苗接种监测系统