HIV/STD PREVENTION COST-EFFECTIVENESS: METHODS & APPLICS

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：申请人的 NIMH支持的研究重点是评估艾滋病毒的成本效益 针对高危人群的预防干预措施。拟议的研究计划 包括四个主要目标，每个目标都与多个 项目首先是评估几个项目的成本效益 社区一级的艾滋病毒预防干预措施。他的第二个目标是 进行艾滋病毒预防成本效益分析的现有方法， 包括调整自我介绍和自我报告风险的回忆偏差 性行为;开发推断性行为数据的方法， 干预措施参与者的“终生”风险; 干预效果随时间的持续/衰减;以及调查 艾滋病毒感染概率的个体间和个体内差异 传播影响建模练习的结果。第三个目标是 研究艾滋病毒与其他性病的关系，并将非艾滋病毒性病纳入其中 降低性风险干预的成本效益模型。他总算 计划开发艾滋病毒/性病流行病学动态模型， 对减少风险干预措施进行成本效益分析， 在干预有效性中通常收集的个人水平数据 审判申请人的职业发展计划描述了K奖将如何 促进他在该领域取得高级地位和领导地位。 第一，允许他把相当大的一部分精力投入到 他的研究计划。第二，通过帮助他发展为一个研究人员彻底 与同事的合作，可以帮助他扩大和磨练他的 数学和统计技能。第三，通过腾出时间来追求 课堂学习，帮助他提高知识基础和完善技能 作为一个性病建模者和成本效益研究者。申请人期望 在资助期间获得的技能和知识，以帮助他扩大他的 研究重点从艾滋病毒到性病更广泛。在供资期结束时， 申请人希望已经开发出将艾滋病毒 将艾滋病毒和非艾滋病毒性传播疾病纳入预防成本效益动态模型 干预措施，从而促进艾滋病毒/性病科学的状态 预防成本效益。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the applicant's abstract): The applicant's NIMH-supported research focuses on evaluating the cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for at-risk populations. The proposed research program encompasses four main objectives -- each of which is associated with multiple projects. The first is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of several community-level HIV prevention interventions. His second goal is to refine existing methods for conducting HIV prevention cost-effectiveness analyses, including adjusting for self-presentation and recall bias on self-reported risk behaviors; developing methods of extrapolating sexual behavior data to estimate "lifetime" risks of intervention participants; adjusting for the persistence/decay of intervention effectiveness over time; and investigating how inter- and intra-personal variability in the probability of HIV transmission impacts the results of modeling exercises. The third goal is to examine the relationship of HIV to other STDs, and to incorporate non-HIV STDs into sexual risk reduction intervention cost-effectiveness models. Finally, he plans to develop dynamic models of HIV/STD epidemiology for use in cost-effectiveness analyses of risk reduction interventions, given the type of individual-level data that are commonly collected in intervention efficacy trials. The applicant's career development plan describes how a K award would facilitate his progress toward senior status and leadership in the field. First, by permitting him to devote a substantial proportion of his effort to his research plan. Second, by helping him to develop as a researcher thorough collaborations with colleagues who can help him expand and hone his mathematical and statistical skills. Third, by freeing up time to pursue classroom studies to help him improve his knowledgebase and refine his skills as an STD modeler and cost-effectiveness researcher. The applicant expects the skills and knowledge gained during the funding period to help him expand his research focus from HIV to STDs more broadly. By the end of the funding period, the applicant hopes to have developed the tools needed to incorporate both HIV and non-HIV STDs into dynamic models of the cost-effectiveness of prevention interventions and thereby to advance the state of the science of HIV/STD prevention cost-effectiveness.