Tools for the Epidemiology of AMR Plasmids, One-Health Transmission and Surveillance

抗菌素耐药性（AMR）正在全球迅速蔓延，其中很大一部分是由称为质粒的DNA自主“元素”驱动的，质粒通常可以携带AMR基因。抗菌素耐药性质粒在细菌之间，甚至是不同物种之间独立转移的能力，对试图监测抗菌素耐药性的流行和传播的流行病学家提出了严峻的挑战，因为抗菌素耐药性质粒和抗菌素耐药性基因的传播模式可能与细菌本身的传播模式不同。因此，“一个健康”抗菌素耐药性管理战略的核心要求是梳理菌株、质粒（甚至单个抗菌素耐药性基因）的传播，以实施有效的监测和风险评估。然而，目前我们追踪质粒的能力是有限的，因为它们进化和多样化的速度非常快。该网络汇集了通过开发生物信息学工具、临床和非临床抗菌素耐药性监测以及质粒生物学对这一问题作出重要贡献的专家。该网络包括来自低收入和中等收入国家的合作伙伴，并将强调培训和利益攸关方的参与。

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is spreading rapidly across the globe, and much of this is driven by autonomous 'elements' of DNA called plasmids, which can common carry AMR genes. The ability of AMR plasmids to transfer independently between bacteria, even of different species, presents a serious challenge for epidemiologists attempting to monitor the prevalence and spread of AMR, because the patterns of transmission of AMR plasmids, and AMR genes, might be distinct from those of the bacteria themselves. There is thus a requirement at the core of One-Health AMR management strategies to tease apart the transmission of strains, plasmids (and even individual AMR genes), to implement effective monitoring and risk assessments. Currently, however, our capacity for to track plasmids is limited due to how quickly they evolve and diversify. This network brings together experts who have made critical contributions to this problem through the development of bioinformatics tools, clinical and non-clinical AMR surveillance, and plasmid biology. The network includes partners from low and middle-income countries and will place an emphasis on training and stakeholder engagement.